Isolation of 'Candidatus Nitrosocosmicus franklandus', a novel ureolytic soil archaeal ammonia oxidiser with tolerance to high ammonia concentration.
Isolation of 'Candidatus Nitrosocosmicus franklandus', a novel ureolytic soil archaeal ammonia oxidiser with tolerance to high ammonia concentration.
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DOI：
10.1093/femsec/fiw057
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发表时间：
2016-05
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Nicol GW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lehtovirta-Morley LE;Ross J;Hink L;Weber EB;Gubry-Rangin C;Thion C;Prosser JI;Nicol GW
氨氧化古菌（AOA）和细菌（AOB）的分布研究表明，不同的生态位，其特征在于氨浓度和pH值，通过底物亲和力和氨耐受性的差异而产生。AOA形成五个不同的系统发育分支，其中之一，“亚硝化球菌姐妹簇”，没有培养分离物。从pH 7.5的耕地土壤中分离出一个代表性的簇，命名为'Nitrosocosmicus franklandus'，我们提出了一个新的簇名：'Nitrosocosmicus'。虽然amoA基因的系统发育分析表明它与亚硝化球菌姐妹簇的关联，16S rRNA基因的分析提供了一个相对的分支，是一致的“姐妹簇”，表示放置在一个谱系的亚硝化球菌目没有支持。卡N. franklandus'具有尿素分解生长能力，对亚硝酸盐和氨的耐受性高于其他AOA，与典型土壤AOB相似。其他生长特性的相似性'Ca。N. franklandus'与典型土壤AOB分离物之间的差异降低了土壤AOA和AOB之间生态位分化的支持，表明AOA具有比以前怀疑的更广泛的生理多样性。特别是，高氨耐受性的'Ca. N. franklandus'建议在施肥土壤硝化作用的潜在贡献。本研究描述了生态生理特征的第一个培养的代表土壤古菌群进行一个重要的生态地球化学过程，氨氧化，具有重要意义的生态位专业化和古菌的进化。
Studies of the distribution of ammonia oxidising archaea (AOA) and bacteria (AOB) suggest distinct ecological niches characterised by ammonia concentration and pH, arising through differences in substrate affinity and ammonia tolerance. AOA form five distinct phylogenetic clades, one of which, the ‘Nitrososphaera sister cluster’, has no cultivated isolate. A representative of this cluster, named ‘Candidatus Nitrosocosmicus franklandus’, was isolated from a pH 7.5 arable soil and we propose a new cluster name: ‘Nitrosocosmicus’. While phylogenetic analysis of amoA genes indicates its association with the Nitrososphaera sister cluster, analysis of 16S rRNA genes provided no support for a relative branching that is consistent with a ‘sister cluster’, indicating placement within a lineage of the order Nitrososphaerales. ‘Ca. N. franklandus’ is capable of ureolytic growth and its tolerances to nitrite and ammonia are higher than in other AOA and similar to those of typical soil AOB. Similarity of other growth characteristics of ‘Ca. N. franklandus’ with those of typical soil AOB isolates reduces support for niche differentiation between soil AOA and AOB and suggests that AOA have a wider physiological diversity than previously suspected. In particular, the high ammonia tolerance of ‘Ca. N. franklandus’ suggests potential contributions to nitrification in fertilised soils. This study describes ecophysiological characteristics of the first cultivated representative of a soil archaeal group performing an important biogeochemical process, ammonia oxidation, with significance for niche specialisation and archaeal phylogeny.