Zr添加超微細結晶フェライト系ステンレス鋼の機械的性質 I. メカニカルアロイング法による組織制御
Zr添加超微細結晶フェライト系ステンレス鋼の機械的性質 I. メカニカルアロイング法による組織制御
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添加Zr超细晶铁素体不锈钢的力学性能一、机械合金化方法控制组织
DOI：
10.2320/jinstmet.69.444
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发表时间：
2005
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
泰久 青野
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
真実 田口;秀彦 住友;良太 石橋;泰久 青野
本研究的目标是通过在材料加工过程中掺入活性元素和机械合金化（MA），实现晶粒细化的微观组织改性，从而提高铁素体不锈钢的机械强度和韧性。MA允许引入大的应变能，对于MA生产的材料，其中分散颗粒的形成和存在对晶粒细化起着重要作用。由于锆对氧、碳等气体杂质有很高的亲和力，作者对锆对12质量%铬铁素体不锈钢晶粒细化的影响很感兴趣。传统的12Cr（sus410）和12Cr- 1zr铁素体不锈钢，Zr质量%约为1，在1073 K下进行无MA挤压成形。晶粒尺寸分别为30 μm和1 μm。而MA固结工艺生产的12Cr-1Zr钢（MA-12Cr-1Zr）的晶粒直径小于等于0.36 μm。对于MA-12Cr-1Zr， Zr原子似乎与氧和碳等气态杂质发生强烈反应，并将其固定为氧化物和碳化物。这些分散的颗粒直径从5纳米到30纳米不等。TEM图像显示，氧化锆颗粒主要沿晶界生长，因此氧化锆颗粒对晶界生长的抑制效果更明显。由分散颗粒的直径和体积分数得到的晶粒尺寸倾向于支持Doherty的预测。
Targets of this study are realization of better mechanical strength and retention of toughness for ferritic stainless steel by micro-structural modification of grain refinement in the material processing by doping of an active element and mechanical alloying (MA). MA allows the introduction of large strain energy and for materials produced by MA, the formation and presence of dispersed particles in them plays an important role in the grain refinement. The authors have been interested in zirconium which has a high affinity for gaseous impurities such as oxygen, carbon etc., and they examined the effect of zirconium on grain refinement of 12 mass% chrome ferritic stainless steel by MA. Conventional 12Cr(SUS 410) and 12Cr-1Zr ferritic stainless steels containing about 1 mass%Zr were consolidated by extrusion-forming of their powders without MA at 1073 K. They had grain diameter sizes of about 30 μm and 1 μm, respectively. On the other hand, 12Cr-1Zr steel produced through MA and the same consolidation process (designated MA-12Cr-1Zr) had a grain diameter of 0.36 μm or less. For MA-12Cr-1Zr, it seemed that Zr atoms strongly reacted with gaseous impurities such as oxygen and carbon and fixed them as oxide and carbide. These dispersed particles ranged from 5 to 30 nm in diameter. In particular, it seemed that the zirconium oxide particles were more effective in suppressing the growth of grain boundaries as TEM images showed that the particles were mainly located along them. The grain sizes obtained from the diameter and volume fraction of dispersed particles tended to support Doherty's prediction.