Techniques for Interacting with Off-Screen Content
Techniques for Interacting with Off-Screen Content
复制标题
与屏幕外内容交互的技术
DOI：
10.1007/978-3-540-74800-7_19
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发表时间：
2007
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Mahtab Nezhadasl
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Pourang Irani;C. Gutwin;Grant A. Partridge;Mahtab Nezhadasl
许多系统(例如地图查看器或可视化编辑器)在更大的图形工作空间上提供有限的视窗。有限的视区意味着用户经常不得不导航到屏幕外的对象和位置。尽管缩放、平移或总览+细节视图等技术允许用户在屏幕外导航，但对于不同类型的屏幕外任务，不同的技术如何执行，以及一种技术是否适用于所有任务，人们知之甚少。我们进行了两项研究来探索这些问题。第一项研究比较了三种技术(缩放、概述+细节和代理)在六种类型的屏幕外任务中的表现。我们发现，这些技术在不同的任务中表现出显著的差异，并且没有一种技术适用于所有类型的屏幕外导航。这项研究导致了两种新颖的混合导航技术-WinHop和MultiScale Zoom-的设计，这两种技术结合了多种更简单方法的特性，试图扩大对屏幕外导航的支持。我们进行了第二项研究来评估混合技术，发现它们确实在广泛的任务中提供了可靠的性能。我们的结果表明，整合来自不同方法的互补属性可以显著提高屏幕外导航任务的性能。
Many systems - such as map viewers or visual editors - provide a limited viewport onto a larger graphical workspace. The limited viewport means that users often have to navigate to objects and locations that are off screen. Although techniques such as zooming, panning, or overview+detail views allow users to navigate off-screen, little is known about how different techniques perform for different types of off-screen tasks, and whether one technique works well for all tasks. We carried out two studies to explore these issues. The first study compared the performance of three classes of techniques (zoom, overview+detail, and proxy) in six types of off-screen tasks. We found that the techniques show substantial differences across different tasks and that no one technique is suitable for all types of off-screen navigation. This study led to the design of two novel hybrid navigation techniques - WinHop and Multiscale Zoom - that combine properties of multiple simpler approaches in an attempt to broaden support for off-screen navigation. We carried out a second study to assess the hybrid techniques, and found that they do provide reliable performance on a wide range of tasks. Our results suggest that integrating complimentary properties from different approaches can significantly improve performance in off-screen navigation tasks.