Effects of exercise training on dendritic morphology in the cardiorespiratory and locomotor centers of the mature rat brain.
Effects of exercise training on dendritic morphology in the cardiorespiratory and locomotor centers of the mature rat brain.
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运动训练对成熟大鼠大脑心肺和运动中枢树突形态的影响。
DOI：
10.1152/japplphysiol.00137.2009
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Iwamoto,GaryA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Nelson,AmandaJ;Juraska,JaniceM;Ragan,BrianG;Iwamoto,GaryA
研究表明，断奶后立即开始运动训练（ET）可以减弱神经心肺和运动中枢的树突分支。本研究的目的是确定是否发生在心肺和运动中枢神经可塑性的变化，由于ET成熟后。将雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠（21日龄，n= 28）单独饲养在标准笼中。在91日龄时，将动物分为两组：未训练组（UN;n= 14）和训练组（TR;n= 14）。TR组在跑步轮上自发运动50天。ET指标包括最大耗氧量、体脂百分比、静息心率和心脏重量/体重比。采用改良的Golgi-Cox程序处理大脑。对中脑导水管周围灰质（PAG）、下丘脑后区（PH）、孤束核（NTS）、楔状核（CnF）、延髓头端腹外侧区、楔状核和大脑皮质的神经元进行了观察。神经元进行了跟踪和分析使用Sholl同心环分析的树突状分支。比较UN和TR组之间每只动物每个神经元与同心环的树突交叉的平均总数。UN组和TR组在PH、PAG、CnF和NTS中每只动物的交叉总数存在显著差异。在某些领域，当ET在成熟动物中启动时，效应大小较小，可能与其相对降低的活动水平有关。总之，成年大鼠的大脑仍然是动态的，并适应慢性ET。然而，如果ET在出生后的早期发育中启动，某些脑区似乎受到更多的影响。
It has been shown that dendritic branching in neural cardiorespiratory and locomotor centers can be attenuated with exercise training (ET) initiated immediately after weaning. The purpose of this study was to determine whether neuroplastic changes occur within cardiorespiratory and locomotor centers due to ET after maturation. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (21 days old,n= 28) were individually housed in standard cages. At 91 days of age, animals were divided into two groups: untrained (UN;n= 14) and trained (TR;n= 14). The TR group exercised spontaneously for 50 days on running wheels. ET indexes were obtained, including maximal O2consumption, percent body fat, resting heart rate, and heart weight-to-body weight ratios. The brain was processed with a modified Golgi-Cox procedure. Impregnated neurons from the periaqueductal gray (PAG), posterior hypothalamic area (PH), nucleus of the tractus solitarius (NTS), cuneiform nucleus (CnF), rostral ventrolateral medulla, nucleus cuneatus, and cerebral cortex were examined. Neurons were traced and analyzed using the Sholl concentric ring analysis of dendritic branching. The mean total number of dendritic intersections with the concentric rings per neuron per animal were compared between UN and TR groups. There were significant differences between UN and TR groups in the PH, PAG, CnF, and NTS in the total number of intersections per animal. In some areas, the effect size was smaller when ET was initiated in mature animals, possibly related to their relatively reduced activity levels. In conclusion, the adult rat brain remains dynamic and adapts to chronic ET. However, some brain areas appear to be more affected if ET is initiated in early postnatal development.