Global patterns for upper ceilings on migration distance in sea turtles and comparisons with fish, birds and mammals
Global patterns for upper ceilings on migration distance in sea turtles and comparisons with fish, birds and mammals
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/1365-2435.12073
复制
发表时间：
2013-06-01
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Scott, Rebecca
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hays, Graeme C.;Scott, Rebecca
一些动物为了寻找资源而长途迁徙，运动模式(飞行/游泳/步行)被认为是迁徙距离的上限。然而，在跨分类群的比较中，一个重要的群体--海龟--迁徙距离的上限被忽略了。使用5个物种的407只成年海龟和4715只幼年海龟的迁徙距离记录，我们发现对于成年海龟，物种在繁殖和觅食栖息地之间的物种迁徙距离上限(跨物种10502850公里)与同等大小的海洋哺乳动物和鱼类的预测相似。相比之下，通过在开阔的海洋中觅食，成年棱皮龟(Dermochelys Coriacea)和所有种类的海龟幼龟可以从它们的出生地旅行大约12000公里，穿越最宽的海洋盆地。对于幼龟来说，这使得它们的最大迁徙距离远远超过了同等大小的海洋哺乳动物和鱼类的预期距离，但不是一些类似大小的鸟类的预期距离。孵化后的海龟一生中只有一次长途迁徙到幼龟觅食的地点，而成年海龟每隔几年(通常是两年)就会回到它们的繁殖地点。我们的结果强调了迁徙周期和觅食模式在驱动最长迁徙中的重要作用，并从海龟保护的角度考虑了对海洋保护区规划的影响。
Some animals migrate huge distances in search of resources with locomotory mode (flying/swimming/walking) thought to drive the upper ceilings on migration distance. Yet in cross-taxa comparisons, upper ceilings on migration distance have been ignored for one important group, sea turtles. Using migration distances recorded for 407 adult and 4715 juvenile sea turtles across five species, we show that for adult cheloniid turtles, the upper ceiling on species migration distances between breeding and foraging habitats (10502850km across species) is similar to that predicted for equivalent-sized marine mammals and fish. In contrast, by feeding in the open ocean, adult leatherback turtles (Dermochelys coriacea) and juveniles of all turtle species can travel around 12000km from their natal regions, travelling across the widest ocean basins. For juvenile turtles, this puts their maximum migration distances well beyond those expected for equivalent-sized marine mammals and fish, but not those found in some similar sized birds. Post-hatchling turtles perform these long-distance migrations to juvenile foraging sites only once in their lifetime, while adult turtles return to their breeding sites every few (generally 2) years. Our results highlight the important roles migration periodicity and foraging mode can play in driving the longest migrations, and the implications for Marine Protected Area planning are considered in terms of sea turtle conservation.