Association between recurrent concussion and late-life cognitive impairment in retired professional football players
Association between recurrent concussion and late-life cognitive impairment in retired professional football players
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DOI：
10.1227/01.neu.0000175725.75780.dd
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发表时间：
2005-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Jordan, BD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Guskiewicz, KM;Marshall, SW;Jordan, BD
目的：脑震荡在足球等碰撞运动中很常见，但复发性脑震荡对神经系统的慢性影响尚不清楚。我们研究的目的是调查一组曾经历过头部受伤的退役职业足球运动员，其既往头部受伤与罹患轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 和阿尔茨海默病的可能性之间存在关联。 方法：对 2552 名平均年龄为 53.8 (13.4) 岁、平均职业足球运动员生涯为 6.6 (+/-3.6) 年的退役职业足球运动员完成了一般健康调查问卷。然后，由 758 名退役职业足球运动员（>= 50 岁）组成的子集完成了第二份调查问卷，重点关注与 MCI 相关的记忆和问题。然后将 MCI 的结果与这部分老年退休人员的原始健康问卷结果进行交叉制表。 结果：在这些前球员中，61% 的人在职业足球生涯中遭受过至少一次脑震荡，24% 的人遭受过 3 次或以上脑震荡。对数据的统计分析发现，复发性脑震荡与临床诊断的 MCI（chi(2) = 7.82，df = 2，P = 0.02）和自我报告的显着记忆障碍（chi(2) = 19.75，df = 2，P = 0.001）之间存在关联。与没有脑震荡病史的退役球员相比，患有 3 次或以上脑震荡的退役球员的 MCI 诊断患病率是其五倍，而严重记忆问题的患病率是其三倍。尽管复发性脑震荡与阿尔茨海默病之间没有关联，但我们观察到，退休人员中阿尔茨海默病的发病时间比一般美国男性人群要早。 结论：我们的研究结果表明，痴呆相关综合征的发病可能是由职业橄榄球运动员反复发生脑震荡引起的。
OBJECTIVE: Cerebral concussion is common in collision sports such as football, yet the chronic neurological effects of recurrent concussion are not well understood. The purpose of our study was to investigate the association between previous head injury and the likelihood of developing mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease in a unique group of retired professional football players with previous head injury exposure.METHODS: A general health questionnaire was completed by 2552 retired professional football players with an average age of 53.8 (13.4) years and an average professional football playing career of 6.6 ( +/- 3.6) years. A second questionnaire focusing on memory and issues related to MCI was then completed by a subset of 758 retired professional football players ( >= 50 yr of age). Results on MCI were then cross-tabulated with results from the original health questionnaire for this subset of older retirees.RESULTS: Of the former players, 61% sustained at least one concussion during their professional football career, and 24% sustained three or more concussions. Statistical analysis of the data identified an association between recurrent concussion and clinically diagnosed MCI (chi(2) = 7.82, df = 2, P = 0.02) and self-reported significant memory impairments (chi(2) = 19.75, df = 2, P = 0.001). Retired players with three or more reported concussions had a fivefold prevalence of MCI diagnosis and a threefold prevalence of reported significant memory problems compared with retirees without a history of concussion. Although there was not an association between recurrent concussion and Alzheimer's disease, we observed an earlier onset of Alzheimer's disease in the retirees than in the general American male population.CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that the onset of dementia-related syndromes may be initiated by repetitive cerebral concussions in professional football players.