Vestibular autonomic regulation (including motion sickness and the mechanism of vomiting)
Vestibular autonomic regulation (including motion sickness and the mechanism of vomiting)
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DOI：
10.1097/00019052-199902000-00005
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发表时间：
1999-02-01
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Balaban, CD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Balaban, CD
前庭功能障碍和运动病的自主神经表现在临床文献中得到了很好的证实。最近的研究“前庭自主调节”主要集中在自主反应的前庭感觉器官在内耳的刺激。这些研究表明，前庭刺激的自主反应是区域选择性的，并在动物实验中定义了“前庭交感神经反射”。然而，在实验准备领域之外，前庭输入在自主调节中的重要性尚不清楚，因为对次要因素（如情感/情绪反应和由肌肉收缩和局部血液汇集引起的心血管反应）的控制不足。解剖学和生理学证据表明，脑干中前庭和自主神经信息的广泛会聚表明，可能存在来自前庭、躯体和内脏受体的重力惯性加速度的综合表示，用于躯体和内脏运动控制。在前庭功能障碍或晕动病的情况下，令人不快的内脏表现（例如上腹部不适、恶心或呕吐）可能有助于条件性情境回避和广场恐怖症的发展。Curr Opin Neurol 12：29-33. (C)1999年利平科特威廉姆斯&威尔金斯。
Autonomic manifestations of vestibular dysfunction and motion sickness are well established in the clinical literature. Recent studies of 'vestibular autonomic regulation' have focused predominantly on autonomic responses to stimulation of the vestibular sense organs in the inner ear. These studies have shown that autonomic responses to vestibular stimulation are regionally selective and have defined a 'vestibulosympathetic reflex' in animal experiments. Outside the realm of experimental preparations, however, the importance of vestibular inputs in autonomic regulation is unclear because controls for secondary factors, such as affective/emotional responses and cardiovascular responses elicited by muscle contraction and regional blood pooling, have been inadequate. Anatomic and physiologic evidence of an extensive convergence of vestibular and autonomic information in the brainstem suggests though that there may be an integrated representation of gravitoinertial acceleration from vestibular, somatic, and visceral receptors for somatic and visceral motor control. In the case of vestibular dysfunction or motion sickness, the unpleasant visceral manifestations (e.g. epigastric discomfort, nausea or vomiting) may contribute to conditioned situational avoidance and the development of agoraphobia. Curr Opin Neurol 12:29-33. (C) 1999 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.