When the pond turtle followed the reindeer: effect of the last extreme global warming event on the timing of faunal change in Northern Europe
When the pond turtle followed the reindeer: effect of the last extreme global warming event on the timing of faunal change in Northern Europe
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当池塘龟跟随驯鹿时：上次极端全球变暖事件对北欧动物区系变化时间的影响
DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02388.x
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发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
11.6
通讯作者：
R. Liljegren
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Sommer;U. Fritz;H. Seppä;Jona Ekström;A. Persson;R. Liljegren
过去的气候变化以不同的方式塑造了动物群落。末次冰期的结束和当前（全新世）间冰期的开始对动物区系大规模转移、灭绝动态和物种基因库的影响引起了自然科学的特别关注。欧洲已知气候引发的脊椎动物物种范围扩大和局部灭绝的一般模式，并表明在现代温带，主要的动物区系变化主要发生在冰期晚期（距今14 700-11 700年前）和全新世早期（距今11 700-9 100年前）。基于新的放射性碳数据的大型数据集，我们呈现了瑞典南部气候驱动的驯鹿和池塘龟消失和出现的精确时间动态。这两个物种是晚第四纪生物地层学中重要的气候指标。我们的数据显示，驯鹿大约在瑞典南部消失。 10 300年前，而池塘龟在大约10年前就在该地区定居。 9 860年前，每个物种之间有450年的差距。这为环境突然转变提供了证据，导致北极动物群被嗜热物种取代。池塘龟和驯鹿的冰期后范围动态是一个独特的模型案例，可以让我们深入了解更新世-全新世过渡期间最后一次剧烈的自然全球变暖事件期间其他脊椎动物的动物区系更替。
Faunal communities have been shaped in different ways by past climatic change. The impact of the termination of the last Glacial and the onset of the present (Holocene) Interglacial on large‐scale faunal shifts, extinction dynamics and gene pools of species are of special interest in natural sciences. A general pattern of climate‐triggered range expansion and local extinction of vertebrate species is known for Europe, and shows that in the modern temperate zone the main faunal change took place mainly during the Late Glacial (14 700–11 700 years ago) and Early Holocene (11 700–9 100 years ago). Based on large datasets of new radiocarbon data, we present precise temporal dynamics of climate‐driven disappearance and appearance of reindeer and pond turtle in southern Sweden. These two species are significant climate indicators in Late Quaternary biostratigraphy. Our data reveal that the reindeer disappeared from southern Sweden ca. 10 300 years ago, whereas the pond turtle colonized the area ca. 9 860 years ago, with a 450‐year gap between each species. This provides evidence for a sudden environmental turnover, causing the replacement of an arctic faunal element by a thermophilic species. The postglacial range dynamics of pond turtle and reindeer are a unique model case, allowing insights into the faunal turnover of other vertebrates during the last dramatic natural global warming event at the Pleistocene–Holocene transition.