Fullerene‐Containing Supramolecular Polymers
Fullerene‐Containing Supramolecular Polymers
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DOI：
10.1002/9783527628742.ch9
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发表时间：
2009-09
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
T. Haino
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
T. Haino
富勒烯是碳原子团簇中最吸引人的一类[1-3];由于其独特的三维几何结构和出色的磁性[4-6]，超导[7，8]，电化学[9-12]和电物理[1 - 3 -15]性质，它引起了人们极大的兴趣。富勒烯化学和大分子化学的结合为创造新的含富勒烯的聚合物提供了机会，这些聚合物显示出非常广泛的应用前景[16-18]。合成含富勒烯聚合物的最初尝试涉及直接通过[2+ 2]环加成聚合富勒烯分子[19-22]。然而，形成的实际产品--一维、二维和三维聚合物结构--比传统的聚合物更难加工。最近，大量的研究工作致力于开发[60]富勒烯-聚合物杂化物，其中[60]富勒烯分子被结合到聚合物主链或侧链上[23-25]。这些[60]富勒烯-聚合物混合物已被证明是创新材料，可用作有机太阳能电池，磁体，光电导体，光限幅器件和半导体[26-28]。在合成上，[60]富勒烯分子的30个高反应性双键限制了可能的聚合反应[24，28-31]。然而，将[60]富勒烯结合到聚合物主链上的超分子方法可以克服这一限制。
Fullerene is one of the most fascinating classes of carbon clusters [1–3]; it has attracted great interest due to its unique three-dimensional geometry and its outstanding magnetic [4–6], superconducting [7, 8], electrochemical [9–12] and photophysical [13–15] properties. The combination of fullerene chemistry and macromolecular chemistry provides an opportunity to create new fullerenecontaining polymers, which show promise for an enormously broad scope of applications [16–18]. Initial attempts to synthesize fullerene-containing polymers have involved polymerizing fullerene molecules directly through [2+ 2] cycloaddition [19–22]. However, the actual products formed–one-, two-and threedimensional polymeric architectures–are less processable than conventional polymers.More recently, intense research efforts have been devoted to developing [60] fullerene-polymer hybrids in which [60] fullerene molecules are incorporated onto polymer main chains or side chains [23–25]. These [60] fullerene-polymer hybrids have proven to be innovative materials, functioning as organic solar cells, magnets, photoconductors, optical-limiting devices and semiconductors [26–28]. Synthetically, the 30 highly reactive double bonds of a [60] fullerene molecule limit the possible polymerization reactions [24, 28–31]. However, supramolecular methods of incorporating [60] fullerene onto a polymer main chain can overcome this limitation.