Shedding light on dark adaptation.
Shedding light on dark adaptation.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1042/bio20200067
复制
发表时间：
2020-10
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Weiss E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Weiss E
The retina is famous for its ability to operate under a broad range of light intensities. This is partly due to the presence of two types of photoreceptor cells, rods and cones. Rods are used mostly for dim light vision, and cones are used for bright light and colour vision. These cells are also able to adapt to a broad range of light intensities using light- and dark-adaptation mechanisms. Dark adaptation is used by the vertebrate retina to increase its visual sensitivity when moving from a brightly lit environment to a dark environment. The brighter the surrounding light, the longer it takes for the retina to adapt to the dark. Most retina biologists have studied dark adaptation by exposing animals to a 90% bleach, meaning that 90% of the light-sensing proteins in these photoreceptor cells have been activated, followed by transfer of these animals to a dark room and analysis of their light sensitivity using electrophysiological methods. In this report, we introduce the basic elements of the visual system and describe how the system might operate during dark adaptation. We also introduce a novel role for cAMP-mediated phosphorylation of G protein-coupled receptor kinase 1 (GRK1), a major kinase in visual signalling.
