Quantitative, Qualitative and Geospatial Methods to Characterize HIV Risk Environments.
Quantitative, Qualitative and Geospatial Methods to Characterize HIV Risk Environments.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0155693
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Brouwer KC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Conners EE;West BS;Roth AM;Meckel-Parker KG;Kwan MP;Magis-Rodriguez C;Staines-Orozco H;Clapp JD;Brouwer KC
越来越多的人认识到，包括自然和地理特征以及社会意义在内的“地点”是造成个人和社区健康风险的一个重要因素。这在中低收入国家的边缘化人群中尤其如此，他们的环境也可能更难以使用传统方法进行研究。在美国国立卫生研究院资助的纵向研究Mapa de Salud中，我们采用了一种新的方法来探索两个墨西哥/美国边境城市蒂华纳和华雷斯的女性性工作者（FSW）的风险环境。在本文中，我们描述的发展，实施和可行性的定量和定性的工具，用于捕捉艾滋病毒的风险环境中的LMIC设置的FSW的组合。这些方法是：（1）扩展映射; 2）定量访谈; 3）性工作场所现场观察; 4）时间-地点-活动日记; 5）日常活动空间深度访谈。我们发现，所概述的混合方法是可行的实施和接受的参与者。这些方法可以生成地理空间数据，以评估环境对高危人群中毒品和性风险行为的作用。此外，在资源有限的情况下，为边缘化人口调整现有方法，为宣传公共卫生干预措施提供了新的机会。
Increasingly, ‘place’, including physical and geographical characteristics as well as social meanings, is recognized as an important factor driving individual and community health risks. This is especially true among marginalized populations in low and middle income countries (LMIC), whose environments may also be more difficult to study using traditional methods. In the NIH-funded longitudinal study Mapa de Salud, we employed a novel approach to exploring the risk environment of female sex workers (FSWs) in two Mexico/U.S. border cities, Tijuana and Ciudad Juárez. In this paper we describe the development, implementation, and feasibility of a mix of quantitative and qualitative tools used to capture the HIV risk environments of FSWs in an LMIC setting. The methods were: 1) Participatory mapping; 2) Quantitative interviews; 3) Sex work venue field observation; 4) Time-location-activity diaries; 5) In-depth interviews about daily activity spaces. We found that the mixed-methodology outlined was both feasible to implement and acceptable to participants. These methods can generate geospatial data to assess the role of the environment on drug and sexual risk behaviors among high risk populations. Additionally, the adaptation of existing methods for marginalized populations in resource constrained contexts provides new opportunities for informing public health interventions.