Revisiting classic clines in Drosophila melanogaster in the age of genomics.
Revisiting classic clines in Drosophila melanogaster in the age of genomics.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.tig.2015.05.006
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发表时间：
2015-08
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Cooper BS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Adrion JR;Hahn MW;Cooper BS
对空间变化环境的适应已经研究了几十年，但测序技术的进步现在使研究人员能够在整个基因组范围内调查这种适应背后的遗传变异图景。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了几十年来在北美和澳大利亚对黑腹果蝇进行的一些局部适应的研究。我们探索平行适应的证据，找出对跨洲克隆选择作出反应的基因的共性，并讨论不同克隆之间模式不同的情况。我们还调查了最近的研究，利用全基因组数据来识别黑腹果蝇和其他一些系统中的临床。尽管将分离基因组变异与表型和适合度的变异联系起来仍然具有挑战性，但克隆基因组学有望增加我们对局部适应和推动自然界中观察到的广泛表型多样性的选择压力的理解。
Adaptation to spatially varying environments has been studied for decades, but advances in sequencing technology are now enabling researchers to investigate the landscape of genetic variation underlying this adaptation genome wide. In this review, we highlight some of the decades-long research on local adaptation in Drosophila melanogaster from well-studied clines in North America and Australia. We explore the evidence for parallel adaptation and identify commonalities in the genes responding to clinal selection across continents as well as discuss instances where patterns differ among clines. We also investigate recent studies utilizing whole-genome data to identify clines in D. melanogaster and a number of other systems. Although connecting segregating genomic variation to variation in phenotypes and fitness remains challenging, clinal genomics is poised to increase our understanding of local adaptation and the selective pressures that drive the extensive phenotypic diversity observed in nature.