CERBERUS and NSP1 of Lotus japonicus are common symbiosis genes that modulate arbuscular mycorrhiza development.
CERBERUS and NSP1 of Lotus japonicus are common symbiosis genes that modulate arbuscular mycorrhiza development.
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DOI：
10.1093/pcp/pct114
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发表时间：
2013-10
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
N. Takeda;S. Tsuzuki;Takuya Suzaki;M. Parniske;M. Kawaguchi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
N. Takeda;S. Tsuzuki;Takuya Suzaki;M. Parniske;M. Kawaguchi
丛枝菌根共生（AMS）和根瘤共生（RNS）是植物与微生物之间的互惠互利的相互作用，为双方带来营养益处。豆科植物拥有与 AM 真菌和根瘤菌细胞内共生的共同遗传系统。在这里，我们发现 CERBERUS 和 NSP1 分别编码 E3 泛素连接酶和 GRAS 转录调节因子，之前仅与 RNS 相关，它们参与了百脉根中的 AM 真菌感染。在 cerberus 突变体中，菌丝沿根纵轴的伸长减少，导致定植水平较低。 NSP1 的敲除降低了 AM 真菌或根瘤菌定植植物的频率。 CERBERUS 和 NSP1 在响应共生微生物感染时表现出不同的表达模式。在根中观察到 CERBERUS 表达水平较低，并且在含丛枝的细胞中检测到 NSP1 表达水平升高。 cerberus 和 nsp1 突变体均通过共生微生物感染触发 AM 标记基因的诱导；然而，突变体表现出比野生型更弱的标记基因表达诱导，反映出它们的定植水平较低。据信，常见的共生基因在识别共生体和触发早期共生反应的早期信号通路中发挥作用。我们对共生表型的定量分析揭示了两种共生体中新型常见共生突变体的发育缺陷，这表明共同共生机制也有助于共生体感染后期或不同阶段的一系列功能。
Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis (AMS) and root nodule symbiosis (RNS) are mutualistic plant-microbe interactions that confer nutritional benefits to both partners. Leguminous plants possess a common genetic system for intracellular symbiosis with AM fungi and with rhizobia. Here we show that CERBERUS and NSP1, which respectively encode an E3 ubiquitin ligase and a GRAS transcriptional regulator and which have previously only been implicated in RNS, are involved in AM fungal infection in Lotus japonicus. Hyphal elongation along the longitudinal axis of the root was reduced in the cerberus mutant, giving rise to a lower colonization level. Knockout of NSP1 decreased the frequency of plants colonized by AM fungi or rhizobia. CERBERUS and NSP1 showed different patterns of expression in response to infection with symbiotic microbes. A low constitutive level of CERBERUS expression was observed in the root and an increased level of NSP1 expression was detected in arbuscule-containing cells. Induction of AM marker gene was triggered in both cerberus and nsp1 mutants by infection with symbiotic microbes; however, the mutants showed a weaker induction of marker gene expression than the wild type, mirroring their lower level of colonization. The common symbiosis genes are believed to act in an early signaling pathway for recognition of symbionts and for triggering early symbiotic responses. Our quantitative analysis of symbiotic phenotypes revealed developmental defects of the novel common symbiosis mutants in both symbioses, which demonstrates that common symbiosis mechanisms also contribute to a range of functions at later or different stages of symbiont infection.