Reasoning on the Autism Spectrum: A Dual Process Theory Account.
Reasoning on the Autism Spectrum: A Dual Process Theory Account.
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DOI：
10.1007/s10803-016-2742-4
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发表时间：
2016-06
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Ashwin C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brosnan M;Lewton M;Ashwin C
双过程理论提出了人类两种不同的推理过程，一种是快速、自动的直觉风格，另一种是更加努力的深思熟虑风格。然而，迄今为止还没有研究专门检验这些推理风格与自闭症谱系的关系。目前的研究调查了深思熟虑和直观的推理概况：（1）来自具有不同程度自闭症特征的普通人群的非临床样本（n = 95），以及（2）被诊断患有自闭症谱系障碍的男性（n = 17）与对照（n = 18）。总而言之，结果表明自闭症谱系的推理与双重过程理论提出的过程是兼容的，并且较高的自闭症特征和自闭症谱系障碍的特点是对深思熟虑推理的一致偏见（并且可能远离直觉）。
Dual process theory proposes two distinct reasoning processes in humans, an intuitive style that is rapid and automatic and a deliberative style that is more effortful. However, no study to date has specifically examined these reasoning styles in relation to the autism spectrum. The present studies investigated deliberative and intuitive reasoning profiles in: (1) a non-clinical sample from the general population with varying degrees of autism traits (n = 95), and (2) males diagnosed with ASD (n = 17) versus comparisons (n = 18). Taken together, the results suggest reasoning on the autism spectrum is compatible with the processes proposed by Dual Process Theory and that higher autism traits and ASD are characterised by a consistent bias towards deliberative reasoning (and potentially away from intuition).