Mapping the underworld - State-of-the-art review
Mapping the underworld - State-of-the-art review
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DOI：
10.1016/j.tust.2007.04.002
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发表时间：
2007-09-01
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Thomas, A. M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Metje, N.;Atkins, P. R.;Thomas, A. M.
英国的一项重大举措。名为“绘制地下世界”（MTU）的项目正在寻求解决由于无法在不进行挖掘的情况下准确、完整地定位埋在地下的公用事业服务基础设施而产生的严重社会、环境和经济后果。 MTU 的四个项目之一旨在开发并证明多传感器设备的功效，用于准确的远程埋地公用事业服务检测、定位以及（如果可能）公用事业识别。本文旨在介绍 MTU 计划，随后对设备中要结合的三项基本技术（探地雷达 (GPR)、低频准静态电磁场和声学）进行最先进的回顾，并总结不同土壤类型和状态对各种信号传输的影响，以及如何从对地面的了解而不是使用非常广泛的简化来优化技术 假设。描述了脉冲探地雷达、调频连续波形 (FMCW) 探地雷达和步进频率连续波形 (SFCW) 探地雷达的最新发展，并介绍了以往将探地雷达与其他传感技术相结合的尝试。准静态场的研究探索了与现有地下电力电路中流动的 50 Hz 电流相关的“机会场”，以及低频电流主动感应到周围时的电场变化。声学技术主要用于泄漏检测，审查重点是其在埋地公用设施服务位置的应用潜力。本文最后讨论了对现有设备/技术和正在开发的多传感器设备的性能进行全面评估和独立验证所需的和当前可用的设施。 (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. 保留所有权利。
A major UK initiative. entitled Mapping the Underworld (MTU), is seeking to address the serious social, environmental and economic consequences arising from an inability to locate accurately and completely the buried utility service infrastructure without resorting to excavations. One of the four MTU projects aims to develop and prove the efficacy of a multi-sensor device for accurate remote buried utility service detection, location and, where possible, utility identification. This paper aims to introduce the MTU programme followed by a state-of-the-art review of the three essential technologies that are to be combined in the device - ground penetrating radar (GPR), low-frequency quasi-static electromagnetic fields and acoustics - and a summary of the influence of different soil types and states on the transmission of the various signals, and therefore how the techniques might be optimised from a knowledge of the ground instead of using very broad simplifying assumptions. The latest developments in impulse GPR, frequency modulated continuous waveform (FMCW) GPR and stepped frequency continuous waveform (SFCW) GPR are described and previous attempts to combine GPR with other sensing technologies are introduced. The work on quasi-static fields explores the 'fields-of-opportunity' related to the 50 Hz currents flowing in existing underground power circuits and the electric field variations when low-frequency current in actively induced into the around. Acoustic techniques have been primarily used for leak detection and the review focuses on the potential for their application to buried utility service location. The paper concludes with a discussion of the facilities required, and currently available, for comprehensive assessment and independent verification of the performance of both existing devices/technologies and of the multi-sensor device under development. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.