Dynamic switching enables efficient bacterial colonization in flow.
Dynamic switching enables efficient bacterial colonization in flow.
复制标题
动态切换可实现流动中细菌的高效定殖。
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1718813115
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Siryaporn,Albert
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kannan,Anerudh;Yang,Zhenbin;Kim,MinyoungKevin;Stone,HowardA;Siryaporn,Albert
细菌在含有流动液体网络的环境中定居，包括消化途径、动物的血管系统以及植物的木质部和韧皮部网络。在这些流动网络中，细菌形成不同的生物膜结构，在发病机制中具有重要作用。确定细菌在流动中的空间组织的物理机制尚不清楚。在这里，我们展示了细菌。aerodecosacolonizes流动网络使用一个循环过程，包括表面附着，上游运动，分离，运动与大规模流动，表面再附着。这个过程，我们称之为动态切换，分布细菌亚群的上游和下游的流动通过两个阶段：运动的表面和细胞运动通过散装。描述动态切换的模型方程与描述动态不稳定性的模型方程相同，动态不稳定性是一个使真核细胞中的微管能够有效地搜索空间以捕获染色体的过程。我们的研究结果表明，动态切换使细菌能够有效地探索流动网络，最大限度地提高分散和殖民化，并建立生物膜的组织结构。许多真核生物和哺乳动物细胞也表现出流动的两个阶段的运动，这表明动态切换是一种能够有效分散广泛的细胞类型的模式。
Bacteria colonize environments that contain networks of moving fluids, including digestive pathways, blood vasculature in animals, and the xylem and phloem networks in plants. In these flow networks, bacteria form distinct biofilm structures that have an important role in pathogenesis. The physical mechanisms that determine the spatial organization of bacteria in flow are not understood. Here, we show that the bacteriumP. aeruginosacolonizes flow networks using a cyclical process that consists of surface attachment, upstream movement, detachment, movement with the bulk flow, and surface reattachment. This process, which we have termed dynamic switching, distributes bacterial subpopulations upstream and downstream in flow through two phases: movement on surfaces and cellular movement via the bulk. The model equations that describe dynamic switching are identical to those that describe dynamic instability, a process that enables microtubules in eukaryotic cells to search space efficiently to capture chromosomes. Our results show that dynamic switching enables bacteria to explore flow networks efficiently, which maximizes dispersal and colonization and establishes the organizational structure of biofilms. A number of eukaryotic and mammalian cells also exhibit movement in two phases in flow, which suggests that dynamic switching is a modality that enables efficient dispersal for a broad range of cell types.