The role of risk and protective factors in substance use across adolescence
The role of risk and protective factors in substance use across adolescence
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jadohealth.2008.01.015
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发表时间：
2008-08-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Greenberg, Mark T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cleveland, Michael J.;Feinberg, Mark E.;Greenberg, Mark T.
目的：在大样本青少年中比较不同领域的危险因素和保护因素对青少年药物使用的相对影响。方法：收集宾夕法尼亚州6、8、10、12年级学生(N=91,778)的横断面调查数据。结果：与保护性因素相比，危险因素对药物使用结果的预测作用更强，无论年级水平或药物使用类型。特别是，个人和同龄人的风险因素与终身和最近使用香烟、酒精和大麻密切相关。在保护因素方面，社区领域与物质使用的关联性最强。年龄相关的差异也被发现，这表明家庭和社区因素在较年轻的青少年中更显著，而同伴和学校因素在较大的青少年中更强。结论：这些发现支持社会发展模型(SDM)，该模型认为青少年物质使用与多个影响范围的因素有关。这些关联中与年龄相关的差异表明，减少青少年物质使用的有效干预措施可能需要强调青少年发展不同阶段的不同领域的风险和保护因素。(C)2008年青少年医学会。版权所有。
Purpose: To compare the relative influence of risk and protective factors across several domains on adolescent substance use in a large sample of youth.Methods: Cross-sectional survey data were collected from students in grades 6, 8, 10, and 12 in Pennsylvania (N = 91,778). Generalized linear mixed models were estimated for each grade level to examine associations among indices of three risk factors (individual, peer, and family) and three protective factors (family, school, and community) and both recent and lifetime substance use.Results: The risk factors were stronger predictors of substance use outcomes compared with the protective factors, regardless of grade level or Substance use type. In particular, the individual and peer risk factors were strongly related to lifetime and recent use of cigarettes, alcohol, and marijuana. Amon-, the protective factors, the strongest associations with substance use were found in the community domain. Several age-related differences in the associations were also found, suggesting that family and community factors were more salient among younger adolescents whereas peer and school factors were stronger among older adolescents.Conclusions: These findings provide support for the social development model (SDM), which proposes that adolescent substance use is associated with factors across multiple spheres of influence. Age-related differences in these associations suggest that effective interventions to reduce adolescent Substance use may need to emphasize different domains of risk and protective factors at different stages of adolescent development. (c) 2008 Society for Adolescent Medicine. All rights reserved.