Acute human brain responses to intracortical microelectrode arrays: challenges and future prospects.
Acute human brain responses to intracortical microelectrode arrays: challenges and future prospects.
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DOI：
10.3389/fneng.2014.00024
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Normann RA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fernández E;Greger B;House PA;Aranda I;Botella C;Albisua J;Soto-Sánchez C;Alfaro A;Normann RA
新兴的神经修复学领域专注于开发新的治疗干预措施，这些干预措施将能够通过选择性电刺激或通过利用从神经元群体记录的活动来恢复一些失去的神经功能。随着越来越多的患者从这些方法中受益，对神经接口的兴趣显着增长，新一代穿透微电极阵列正在提供前所未有的中枢神经系统（CNS）神经元通路。这些微电极具有与神经元大小相似的活性尖端尺寸，并且因为它们穿透神经系统，所以它们提供对这些细胞的选择性访问（在几微米内）。然而，长期植入的微电极的非常长期的生存能力和在长时间内记录相同的尖峰活动的能力仍然有待于在人体研究中建立和证实。在这里，我们回顾了急性植入微电极阵列的主要反应，并强调控制这些皮质内微电极引起的神经组织损伤对于实现该技术的高临床潜力至关重要。
The emerging field of neuroprosthetics is focused on the development of new therapeutic interventions that will be able to restore some lost neural function by selective electrical stimulation or by harnessing activity recorded from populations of neurons. As more and more patients benefit from these approaches, the interest in neural interfaces has grown significantly and a new generation of penetrating microelectrode arrays are providing unprecedented access to the neurons of the central nervous system (CNS). These microelectrodes have active tip dimensions that are similar in size to neurons and because they penetrate the nervous system, they provide selective access to these cells (within a few microns). However, the very long-term viability of chronically implanted microelectrodes and the capability of recording the same spiking activity over long time periods still remain to be established and confirmed in human studies. Here we review the main responses to acute implantation of microelectrode arrays, and emphasize that it will become essential to control the neural tissue damage induced by these intracortical microelectrodes in order to achieve the high clinical potentials accompanying this technology.