DEVELOPMENT OF THE UNIVERSITY-OF-PENNSYLVANIA SMELL IDENTIFICATION TEST - A STANDARDIZED MICROENCAPSULATED TEST OF OLFACTORY FUNCTION
DEVELOPMENT OF THE UNIVERSITY-OF-PENNSYLVANIA SMELL IDENTIFICATION TEST - A STANDARDIZED MICROENCAPSULATED TEST OF OLFACTORY FUNCTION
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DOI：
10.1016/0031-9384(84)90269-5
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发表时间：
1984-01-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
DANN, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
DOTY, RL;SHAMAN, P;DANN, M
本文介绍了第一个标准化抓挠嗅嗅试验的研制。超过1600名受试者参加了5个实验。实验一对50种微胶囊化气味剂的气味强度、舒适性、刺激性、凉爽性和熟悉性进行了评价，并比较了两种微胶囊化气味剂的释放方法。在实验2中，第一次实验的结果和其他数据被用于开发测试，该测试被施用于大量受试者。多元回归分析结果显示，性别、民族、吸烟行为与此测验得分有显著相关。平均测试分数随着年龄的增长而下降，最大的下降发生在生命的第6和第10个十年之间。这些与年龄相关的变化与韦氏记忆量表的分数无关。在所有年龄组中，妇女的表现都好于男子。在实验3中，该测试显示出区分具有已知嗅觉障碍的受试者（例如，Kallmann综合征; Korsakoff综合征）和正常对照组，并可靠地检测指示假装完全嗅觉丧失的人。实验4建立了6个月的重测信度。在实验5中，该测试显示阈值与气味检测相关（r =-0.794，P <0.001）。这种自我管理的测试现在可以在实验室，诊所或通过邮件快速准确地评估一般嗅觉功能，而无需复杂的设备或占用空间的化学品储存。
The developement of the 1st standardized scratch and sniff olfactory test is described. Over 1600 subjects participated in 5 experiments. In experiment 1, 50 microencapsulated odorants were rated as to their intensity, pleasantness, irritation, coolness and familiarity and 2 procedures for releasing them were compared. In experiment 2, the results of the 1st experiment and other data were used in the development of the test, which was administered to a large number of subjects. Using multiple regression analysis, scores on this test were shown to be significantly related to the subjects'' gender, ethnic background and smoking behavior. Average test scores decreased as a function of age, with the greatest decline occurring between the 6th and 10th decades of lifes. These age-related changes were not correlated with scores on the Wechsler Memory Scale. Women performed better than men within all age categories. In experiment 3, the test was shown to differentiate between subjects with known olfactory disorders (e.g., Kallmann''s syndrome; Korsakoff''s syndrome) and normal controls, and to reliably detect persons instructed to feign total anosmia. In experiment 4, the test-retest reliability was established (6-mo. interval; r = 0.918, P < 0.001), and in experiment 5 the test was shown to correlate thresholds with odor detection (r = -0.794, P < 0.001). This self-administratered test now makes it possible to rapidly and accurately assess general olfactory function in the laboratory, clinic or through the mail without complex equipment or space-consuming stores of chemicals.