How Risky Is It? An Assessment of the Relative Risk of Engaging in Potentially Unsafe Driving Behaviors
How Risky Is It? An Assessment of the Relative Risk of Engaging in Potentially Unsafe Driving Behaviors
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风险有多大？
DOI：
10.1037/e417892008-002
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发表时间：
2006
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
V. Neale
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Klauer;Jeremy D Sudweeks;J. Hickman;V. Neale
这份报告介绍了一个由AAA交通安全基金会资助的两阶段项目的结果。本报告中用于分析的数据是在100辆汽车自然驾驶研究或100辆汽车研究期间收集的（Dingus, Klauer, Neale, Petersen, Lee， Sudweeks等人，2006），由弗吉尼亚理工大学交通研究所（VTTI）进行，由国家公路交通安全管理局（NHTSA），弗吉尼亚交通部（VDOT），当前研究的主要目的是增加对潜在的不安全驾驶行为以及碰撞、接近碰撞和事故之间关系的理解。结果表明，四种驾驶状态/行为与发生撞车或接近撞车的风险增加有关。首先，与以适当速度驾驶相比，以不适当的速度驾驶与发生撞车或接近撞车的几率（or = 2.9, 95% CI = 1.7 - 4.8）增加了近两倍。其次，与不犯困驾驶相比，昏昏欲睡驾驶与发生车祸或接近车祸的几率相似（or = 2.9, 95% CI = 2.0 - 4.3）。第三，当驾驶员的眼睛离开前方道路超过2秒时，发生碰撞或接近碰撞的几率几乎是驾驶员注意前方道路时的两倍（or = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.4 - 2.5）。最后，当司机表现出攻击性驾驶行为时，撞车或接近撞车的几率增加了一倍以上（or = 2.1, 95% CI = 1.3 - 3.4）。
This report presents the results of a two-phased project funded by the AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety. The data used for the analyses in this report were collected during the 100-Car Naturalistic Driving Study, or the 100-Car Study, (Dingus, Klauer, Neale, Petersen, Lee, Sudweeks et al. 2006), conducted by the Virginia Tech Transportation Institute (VTTI), under sponsorship from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT), and Virginia Tech. The primary aim of the current study was to increase the understanding of the relationship between potentially unsafe driving behaviors as well as crashes, near-crashes, and incidents. The results indicate that four driving states/behaviors are associated with an increased risk of being involved in a crash or near-crash. First, driving at inappropriate speeds was associated with nearly tripling the odds of being involved in a crash or near-crash (OR = 2.9, 95% CI = 1.7 – 4.8) relative to driving at appropriate speeds. Second, driving while drowsy was associated with a similar increase in the odds of being involved in a crash or near-crash, relative to driving while not drowsy (OR = 2.9, 95% CI = 2.0 – 4.3). Third, when a driver’s eyes were off the forward roadway for greater than 2 seconds, the odds of a crash or near-crash occurring were nearly double those when the driver was paying attention to the forward roadway (OR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.4 – 2.5). Finally, the odds of a crash or near-crash more than doubled when a driver was exhibiting aggressive driving behaviors (OR = 2.1, 95% CI = 1.3 – 3.4).