Constructs and models in health psychology: The case of personality and illness reporting in diabetes mellitus
Constructs and models in health psychology: The case of personality and illness reporting in diabetes mellitus
复制标题
健康心理学的构建和模型：糖尿病患者的人格和疾病报告案例
DOI：
10.1111/j.2044-8287.1997.tb00522.x
复制
发表时间：
1997
影响因子：
7.9
通讯作者：
B. Frier
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
I. Deary;Z. Clyde;B. Frier
目标.研究了健康心理学中重要变量之间的结构重叠。与医学上无法解释的症状（躯体化）和疾病严重程度的报告有关的竞争理论进行了检查。这些目标是在胰岛素依赖型糖尿病（IDDM）的背景下研究的。
设计采用相关设计。寻求足够数量的参与者，以测试理论的症状报告使用结构方程模型和其他多变量技术。
方法. 202人与胰岛素依赖型糖尿病出席糖尿病门诊作为参与者。人格特质、述情障碍和疾病应对因素是研究的关键心理结构。医学上无法解释的症状（躯体化）和糖尿病严重程度的经验进行了测量。
结果神经质、述情障碍、消极情绪应对与躯体化均存在显著相关，且存在显著的结构重叠。竞争模型的症状报告交易与消极的影响，制定和测试使用结构方程模型。然而，最好的拟合模型是综合两者特征的模型。结构显示出相当大的重叠，有证据表明一个非常普遍的因素与报告的负面影响和身体障碍。然而，也有证据表明，独特的变异结构，特别是消极情绪应对。
结论.健康心理学中使用的重要结构显示出显著的重叠，这种一般的方差来源值得进一步研究。尽管重叠，结构贡献了独特的差异，健康的结果。症状报告的transmittance和负情感模型可以在一个综合模型中得到调和。建议将这里测试的模型推广到其他疾病样本和健康个体。建议进一步研究，以完善健康心理学的结构，并限制其目前的丰富。
Objectives. Construct overlap among important variables in health psychology was studied. Competing theories related to the reporting of medically unexplained symptoms (somatization) and illness severity were examined. These objectives were studied in the setting of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM).
Design. A correlational design was employed. Sufficient numbers of participants were sought in order to test theories of symptom reporting using structural equation modelling and other multivariate techniques.
Methods. Two hundred and two people with IDDM attending a diabetes out-patient clinic acted as participants. Personality traits, alexithymia and illness-related coping factors were the key psychological constructs studied. Experience of medically unexplained symptoms (somatization) and diabetes severity were measured.
Results. Neuroticism, alexithymia and negative emotion coping were all significantly related to somatization, and there was significant construct overlap. Competing models of symptom reports—transactional versus negative affectivity—were formulated and tested using structural equation modelling. However, the best fitting model was one that integrated features of both. Constructs showed considerable overlap, with evidence for a very general factor related to the reporting of negative affects and bodily disturbances. However, there is also evidence of unique variance in constructs, especially that of negative emotion coping.
Conclusions. Important constructs used in health psychology show significant overlap, and this general source of variance warrants further study. Despite overlap, constructs contributed unique variance to health outcomes. Transactional and negative affectivity models of symptom reporting may be reconciled in an integrated model. Generalization of the models tested here to other illness samples and healthy individuals is recommended. Suggestions are made for further research to refine constructs in health psychology and to limit their present profusion.