Is "Learning-by-Exporting" Important? Micro-Dynamic Evidence from Colombia, Mexico and Morocco
Is "Learning-by-Exporting" Important? Micro-Dynamic Evidence from Colombia, Mexico and Morocco
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DOI：
10.1162/003355398555784
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发表时间：
1996-08
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Sofronis Clerides;Saul Lach;J. Tybout
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sofronis Clerides;Saul Lach;J. Tybout
是否有任何经验证据表明，企业成为出口商后效率会提高？成为出口商的公司是否对其行业或区域内面向国内的生产商产生了积极的溢出效应？在本文中，我们分析了出口和生产率之间的因果关系，使用企业层面的面板数据，从三个半工业化经济体。将出口市场参与和生产成本表示为共同依赖的自回归过程，我们寻找企业进入国外市场时随机成本过程发生变化的证据。我们发现，相对更有效率的公司成为出口商，他们的成本不受以前的出口市场参与。这意味着，自我选择的更有效的公司进入出口市场，而不是学习出口，解释了出口商和非出口商之间的效率差距以前文献中记载的。此外，我们发现一些证据表明，出口商降低了国内生产商打入国外市场的成本，但似乎并没有帮助这些生产商提高效率。
Is there any empirical evidence that firms become more efficient after becoming exporters? Do firms that become exporters generate positive spillovers for domestically-oriented producers in their industry or region? In this paper we analyze the causal links between exporting and productivity using firm-level panel data from three semi-industrialized economies. Representing export market participation and production costs as jointly dependent autoregressive processes, we look for evidence that firms' stochastic cost process shifts when they break into foreign markets. We find that relatively more efficient firms become exporters, and that their costs are not affected by previous export market participation. This implies that self-selection of the more efficient firms into the export market, and not learning-by-exporting, explains the efficiency gap between exporter and non-exporters previously documented in the literature. Further, we find some evidence that exporters reduce the costs of breaking into foreign markets for domestically oriented producers, but do not appear to help these producers become more efficient.