Greater Pupil Size in Response to Emotional Faces as an Early Marker of Social-Communicative Difficulties in Infants at High Risk for Autism.
Greater Pupil Size in Response to Emotional Faces as an Early Marker of Social-Communicative Difficulties in Infants at High Risk for Autism.
复制标题
更大的瞳孔尺寸对情绪面孔的反应是自闭症高风险婴儿社交沟通困难的早期标志。
DOI：
10.1111/infa.12128
复制
发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Nelson,CharlesA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wagner,JenniferB;Luyster,RhiannonJ;Tager-Flusberg,Helen;Nelson,CharlesA
当扫描面部时，患有自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的个体表现出视觉注意力降低（例如，较少的时间在眼睛上）和非典型的自主反应（例如，增强的唤醒）。为了理解这些差异如何解释社会功能的亚临床变异性，9个月奥尔兹，有或没有ASD家族史，使用眼动追踪记录了情感表达的面孔，以及凝视和瞳孔直径（自主激活的测量）。没有后续临床诊断的ASD高风险婴儿（HRA-）和低风险对照（LRC）显示出相似的面部扫描和对眼睛和嘴巴的注意力;总体上对眼睛的注意力大于嘴巴，但这随着情绪的变化而变化。作为一个组，HRA显示出比LRC显著更大的瞳孔大小。9个月时的扫描、9个月时的瞳孔大小和18个月时的社会交往行为之间的相关性显示，在LRC中，9个月时瞳孔大小与对面部和眼睛的注意力之间呈正相关，而在HRA中，9个月时瞳孔大小与18个月时的社会交往行为之间呈负相关。此外，随着18个月时更大的唤醒与更差的社会沟通功能相关，这项工作指出了一种机制，未受影响的兄弟姐妹可能会发展非典型的社会行为。
When scanning faces, individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have shown reduced visual attention (e.g., less time on eyes) and atypical autonomic responses (e.g., heightened arousal). To understand how these differences might explain subclinical variability in social functioning, 9‐month‐olds, with or without a family history of ASD, viewed emotionally expressive faces, and gaze and pupil diameter (a measure of autonomic activation) were recorded using eye‐tracking. Infants at high risk for ASD with no subsequent clinical diagnosis (HRA‐) and low‐risk controls (LRC) showed similar face scanning and attention to eyes and mouth; attention was overall greater to eyes than mouth, but this varied as a function of the emotion presented. As a group, HRA‐ showed significantly larger pupil size than LRC. Correlations between scanning at 9 months, pupil size at 9 months, and 18‐month social‐communicative behavior, revealed positive associations between pupil size and attention to both face and eyes at 9 months in LRC, and a negative association between 9‐month pupil size and 18‐month social‐communicative behavior in HRA‐.The present findings point to heightened autonomic arousal in HRA‐. Further, with greater arousal relating to worse social‐communicative functioning at 18 months, this work points to a mechanism by which unaffected siblings might develop atypical social behavior.