Global characterization of fire activity: toward defining fire regimes from Earth observation data
Global characterization of fire activity: toward defining fire regimes from Earth observation data
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01585.x
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发表时间：
2008-07-01
影响因子：
11.6
通讯作者：
Justice, Chris
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chuvieco, Emilio;Giglio, Louis;Justice, Chris
全球社会对火灾制度如何随着人口和气候变化而变化感兴趣。在全球范围内，监测火灾活动趋势的地面数据是不够的。卫星观测为这种监测系统提供了基础。在这项研究中，一组指标开发了6年的MODIS活动火灾数据。这些指标被分为八个类别，代表三个轴的火灾活动：密度，季节持续时间和年际变化。在全球范围内将这些群体与生物物理和人类解释变量进行比较。我们发现，超过30%的陆地表面有一个显着的火灾频率。最广泛的火灾类别表现出火灾密度高，持续时间短，变化大，并发现在北方和热带潮湿和干燥的环境。人口分布和火灾持续性之间存在高度关联。低GDP km（-2）与具有高年际变化和低季节持续时间的火灾类别相关。在经济资源较多的地区，火灾往往更加频繁，持续时间也更长。高火灾持续时间和低年际变化与农田，但往往与低火灾密度。这项研究受到卫星数据记录长度有限的限制，但这是朝着制定全面的全球火灾状况评估迈出的第一步。然而，全球观测系统需要更多的关注，以提供基础的社会经济观测，更好地量化和分析火灾制度的人类特征。
There is interest in the global community on how fire regimes are changing as a function of changing demographics and climate. The ground-based data to monitor such trends in fire activity are inadequate at the global scale. Satellite observations provide a basis for such a monitoring system. In this study, a set of metrics were developed from 6 years of MODIS active fire data. The metrics were grouped into eight classes representing three axes of fire activity: density, season duration and interannual variability. These groups were compared with biophysical and human explanatory variables on a global scale. We found that more than 30% of the land surface has a significant fire frequency. The most extensive fire class exhibited high fire density, low duration and high variability and was found in boreal and tropical wet and dry environments. A high association was found between population distribution and fire persistence. Low GDP km(-2) was associated with fire classes with high interannual variability and low seasonal duration. In areas with more economic resources, fires tend to be more regular and last longer. High fire duration and low interannual variability were associated with croplands, but often with low fire density. The study was constrained by the limited length of satellite data record but is a first step toward developing a comprehensive global assessment of fire regimes. However, more attention is needed by the global observing systems to provide the underpinning socio-economic observations to better quantify and analyze the human characteristics of fire regimes.