Analysis of meteorology-chemistry interactions during air pollution episodes using online coupled models within AQMEII Phase-2
Analysis of meteorology-chemistry interactions during air pollution episodes using online coupled models within AQMEII Phase-2
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.09.020
复制
发表时间：
2015-08
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
X. Kong;R. Forkel;R. Sokhi;P. Suppan;A. Baklanov;M. Gauß;D. Brunner;R. Baró;A. Balzarini;C. Chemel;G. Curci;P. Jiménez‐Guerrero;M. Hirtl;L. Honzak;U. Im;J. Perez;G. Pirovano;R. San José;K. Schlünzen;G. Tsegas;P. Tuccella;J. Werhahn;R. Žabkar;S. Galmarini
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
X. Kong;R. Forkel;R. Sokhi;P. Suppan;A. Baklanov;M. Gauß;D. Brunner;R. Baró;A. Balzarini;C. Chemel;G. Curci;P. Jiménez‐Guerrero;M. Hirtl;L. Honzak;U. Im;J. Perez;G. Pirovano;R. San José;K. Schlünzen;G. Tsegas;P. Tuccella;J. Werhahn;R. Žabkar;S. Galmarini
这项研究审查了成本行动EuMetChem中专家调查建议的在线耦合模式中排名最高的气象和化学相互作用，并审查了这些相互作用在两次污染事件中的敏感性：2010年7月25日至8月15日的俄罗斯森林火灾和2010年10月1日至10月31日的撒哈拉沙尘输送事件，作为AQMEII第二阶段演习的一部分。对没有任何气象气溶胶反馈的基线森林火灾情况进行了三次WRF-Chem模式模拟，一次模拟仅有气溶胶直接影响，一次模拟既有直接影响又有间接影响。对于尘埃案例研究，从AQMEII框架内进行的一组模拟中选择了8个WRF-Chem模拟和1个WRF-CMAQ模拟。在这两个没有反馈的模拟中，两个只包括直接影响，五个模拟既包括直接影响，也包括间接影响。这两次事件的结果都表明，在在线耦合模式中包括气象和化学相互作用是重要的。使用AQMEII第二阶段收集的常规观测和莫斯科一个观测站的观测进行的模式评估表明，对于火灾情况，仅包括气溶胶直接影响的模拟比没有气溶胶反馈或同时包括直接和间接影响的模拟具有更好的性能。当计入气溶胶的直接影响时，PM10的归一化平均偏差显着降低了10-20%。对沙尘情况的分析证实，当考虑气溶胶直接影响时，模式的表现较好，但当同时考虑气溶胶直接影响和间接影响时，模式的表现较差，这表明需要改进模式中对气溶胶间接影响的描述。
This study reviews the top ranked meteorology and chemistry interactions in online coupled models recommended by an experts' survey conducted in COST Action EuMetChem and examines the sensitivity of those interactions during two pollution episodes: the Russian forest fires 25 Jul–15 Aug 2010 and a Saharan dust transport event from 1 Oct to 31 Oct 2010 as a part of the AQMEII phase-2 exercise. Three WRF-Chem model simulations were performed for the forest fire case for a baseline without any aerosol feedback on meteorology, a simulation with aerosol direct effects only and a simulation including both direct and indirect effects. For the dust case study, eight WRF-Chem and one WRF-CMAQ simulations were selected from the set of simulations conducted in the framework of AQMEII. Of these two simulations considered no feedbacks, two included direct effects only and five simulations included both direct and indirect effects. The results from both episodes demonstrate that it is important to include the meteorology and chemistry interactions in online-coupled models. Model evaluations using routine observations collected in AQMEII phase-2 and observations from a station in Moscow show that for the fire case the simulation including only aerosol direct effects has better performance than the simulations with no aerosol feedbacks or including both direct and indirect effects. The normalized mean biases are significantly reduced by 10–20% for PM10 when including aerosol direct effects. The analysis for the dust case confirms that models perform better when including aerosol direct effects, but worse when including both aerosol direct and indirect effects, which suggests that the representation of aerosol indirect effects needs to be improved in the model.