Blindness and low vision in Jimma Zone, Ethopia: results of a population-based survey.
Blindness and low vision in Jimma Zone, Ethopia: results of a population-based survey.
复制标题
埃塞俄比亚吉马区的失明和低视力：基于人口的调查结果。
作者：
N. Zerihun;D. Mabey
1994年11月至1995年1月在埃塞俄比亚西南部的Jimma区进行了一项以人口为基础的关于失明和低视力流行率的研究。从8215（90.4%）的样本中，共检查了7423人。63人（0.85%）失明（较好眼睛的视力低于3/60），125人（1.7%）视力低下（低于6/18-3/60）。主要致盲原因为白内障及无晶状体眼（52.4%）、角膜混浊及球痨（25.4%）、青光眼（9.5%）。白内障（56.8%）、屈光不正（28.8%）和角膜混浊（12.8%）是低视力的主要原因。沙眼角膜混浊导致的失明占20.6%，低视力占10.4%。屈光不正导致视力损害的患病率为5.1/1000。近25%的研究人群患有活动性沙眼，0.9%的学龄前儿童有维生素A缺乏的迹象。在200万总人口中，估计有17,000人失明，34,000人视力低下（即，共有51，000名视障人士）。大约20 000人需要白内障手术，52 000人需要眼睑倒睫手术，24 000人需要眼镜（不包括老花眼），包括10 000人需要严重屈光不正，50万人需要治疗活动性沙眼，4 000人需要治疗青光眼。有效和可行的眼科保健计划需要建立在该地区和现有的眼科服务必须得到加强。通过社区和卫生部与非政府组织合作共同努力，这些目标是可以实现的。简要介绍了现有的眼科服务，并提出了建议，以满足该地区预防失明的重要需求。
A population-based study on the prevalence of blindness and low vision was carried out in Jimma Zone, south-western Ethiopia between November 1994 and January 1995. A total of 7423 people from a sample of 8215 (90.4%) was examined. Sixty-three (0.85%) were blind (visual acuity less than 3/60 in the better eye) and 125 people (1.7%) had low vision (less than 6/18-3/60). Cataract and aphakia (52.4%), corneal opacity and phthisis bulbi (25.4%), and glaucoma (9.5%) were the major causes of blindness. Cataract (56.8%), refractive errors (28.8%), and corneal opacity (12.8%) were the major causes of low vision. Corneal opacity from trachoma was responsible for 20.6% of all blindness and 10.4% of low vision. The prevalence of visual impairment due to refractive errors was 5.1/1000 population. Almost 25% of the study population had active trachoma, and 0.9% of pre-school children had signs of vitamin A deficiency. Out of a total population of 2 million an estimated 17,000 people are blind and 34,000 have low vision (i.e., a total of 51,000 people with visual impairment). Approximately 20,000 people require cataract surgery, 52,000 require lid surgery for trichiasis, 24,000 require spectacles (excluding presbyopia), including 10,000 for significant refractive errors, half a million require treatment for active trachoma and 4,000 require glaucoma treatment. Effective and feasible eye care programs need to be established in the zone and the available ophthalmic services have to be strengthened. These may be achievable through joint efforts of the community and the Ministry of Health in collaboration with non-governmental organizations. The available eye services are briefly described and recommendations made to meet the important needs for prevention of blindness in the region.
[刚果失明的患病率和原因]。
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Negrel,AD;Massembo-Yako,B;Botaka,E;Minassian,DC;Coddy-Zitsamele,R
通讯作者：
Coddy-Zitsamele,R