Significance for Extracellular Enzymes for Organic Matter Degradation and Nutrient Regeneration in Small Streams
Significance for Extracellular Enzymes for Organic Matter Degradation and Nutrient Regeneration in Small Streams
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细胞外酶对小溪中有机物降解和养分再生的意义
DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4612-3090-8_17
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发表时间：
1991
影响因子：
30.7
通讯作者：
Karlheinz Witzel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Marxsen;Karlheinz Witzel
胞外酶解是微生物降解大分子有机物的第一步。在lotic系统中对该过程的研究很少（例如，Duddridge和温赖特，1982年;布恩，1989年;马克思森和Witzel，1990年），即使它可能限制微生物底物的摄取和生产。关于水生系统中的胞外酶的第一篇出版物出现在20多年前（Overbeck，1961; Reichardt等人，1967年;第1章），但在很长一段时间之后，很少有调查这个问题。原因之一，可能是缺乏合适的方法。然而，近年来，释放有色物质的人工基质（Meyer-Reil，1981; 1983; 1984; Hoppe等人，1983）或荧光（Pettersson和Jansson，1978; Hoppe，1983; Somville和Billen，1983; Rego等，1985; Chrost，1990）酶水解后的化合物已被引入水生微生物生态学领域。特别是，荧光模型底物的酶活性的灵敏，简单，快速的测量成为可能。
Extracellular enzymatic hydrolysis is the first step in the microbial degradation of macromolecular organic matter. Investigations into this process in lotic systems are scarce (e.g., Duddridge and Wainwright, 1982; Boon, 1989; Marxsen and Witzel, 1990), even though it may limit microbial substrate uptake and production. The first publications on extracellular enzymes in aquatic systems appeared more than 20 years ago (Overbeck, 1961; Reichardt et al., 1967; Chapter 1), but for a long time afterwards there were few investigations into this subject. One reason was probably the lack of an appropriate method. However, in recent years artificial substrates that release colored (Meyer-Reil, 1981; 1983; 1984; Hoppe et al., 1983) or fluorescent (Pettersson and Jansson, 1978; Hoppe, 1983; Somville and Billen, 1983; Rego et al., 1985; Chrost, 1990) compounds after enzymatic hydrolysis have been introduced into the field of aquatic microbial ecology. In particular, the fluorogenic model substrates have made sensitive, simple, and rapid measurements of enzyme activity possible.