Threat of shock increases distractor susceptibility during the short-term maintenance of visual information.
Threat of shock increases distractor susceptibility during the short-term maintenance of visual information.
复制标题
在视觉信息的短期维持过程中，电击的威胁会增加干扰物的敏感性。
DOI：
10.1101/2023.11.22.23298914
复制
发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Balderston,NicholasL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Casalvera,Abigail;Goodwin,Madeline;Lynch,Kevin;Teferi,Marta;Patel,Milan;Grillon,Christian;Ernst,Monique;Balderston,NicholasL
焦虑的觉醒被认为会影响注意力控制。为了测试这一点，我们设计了视觉短期记忆（VSTM）任务来检查威胁和无威胁期间的干扰抑制。我们假设，当受试者必须过滤掉大量干扰因素时，威胁会影响表现。 VSTM 任务要求受试者关注一组方格，同时忽略另一组方格。目标和干扰物方格的数量系统地变化，目标和干扰物条件高（四个方格）和低（两个方格）。这项研究包括两个独立的实验。实验1使用惊吓反应和白噪声来直接测量威胁引起的焦虑。实验 2 使用 BOLD 来测量大脑反应。对于实验 1，与安全期相比，受试者在威胁期间表现出明显更大的惊吓反应，这支持了威胁操纵的有效性。对于实验 2，我们发现准确性受到威胁的影响，因此干扰器负载仅在威胁条件下对准确性产生负面影响。我们还发现顶叶皮层活动中与威胁相关的差异。总的来说，这些发现表明威胁会影响干扰因素的敏感性，损害干扰信息的过滤。这种效应可能是由威胁期间顶叶皮层的过度唤醒介导的。
Elevated arousal in anxiety is thought to affect attention control. To test this, we designed a visual short-term memory (VSTM) task to examine distractor suppression during periods of threat and no-threat. We hypothesized that threat would impair performance when subjects had to filter out large numbers of distractors. The VSTM task required subjects to attend to one array of squares while ignoring a separate array. The number of target and distractor squares varied systematically, with high (four squares) and low (two squares) target and distractor conditions. This study comprised two separate experiments. Experiment 1 used startle responses and white noise as to directly measure threat-induced anxiety. Experiment 2 used BOLD to measure brain responses. For Experiment 1, subjects showed significantly larger startle responses during threat compared to safe period, supporting the validity of the threat manipulation. For Experiment 2, we found that accuracy was affected by threat, such that the distractor load negatively impacted accuracy only in the threat condition. We also found threat-related differences in parietal cortex activity. Overall, these findings suggest that threat affects distractor susceptibility, impairing filtering of distracting information. This effect is possibly mediated by hyperarousal of parietal cortex during threat.