Hox genes and the evolution of vertebrate axial morphology.
Hox genes and the evolution of vertebrate axial morphology.
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发表时间：
1995-02
期刊：
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
A. Burke;Craig E. Nelson;B. Morgan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Burke;Craig E. Nelson;B. Morgan
脊椎动物类群之间进化变异的一种常见形式是不同数量的节段，这些节段对前后轴的各个区域有贡献;颈椎，胸椎等。术语“换位”用于描述这种现象。在小鼠中用同源异型基因进行的遗传实验已经证明，Hox基因部分地负责沿着前-后轴沿着的节段特性的指定，并且已经提出轴向Hox密码决定个体椎骨的形态（凯塞尔，M.和Gruss，P.（1990）Science 249，347-379）。本文介绍了同源框基因的表达和发育形态的动物之间的发育模式的比较研究，具有同源调控基因，但不同的形态。应用原位杂交和免疫组织化学技术对23个Hox基因在鸡近轴中胚层和16个在小鼠胚胎中的轴向表达边界进行了研究。发现Hox基因前表达边界与形态学边界相一致。这些数据有助于在脊椎动物中的这些区域的假定同源性的机械水平。对机制同源性的认识支持了共享这些基因的所有生物体之间的基本模式机制的历史同源性。
A common form of evolutionary variation between vertebrate taxa is the different numbers of segments that contribute to various regions of the anterior-posterior axis; cervical vertebrae, thoracic vertebrae, etc. The term 'transposition' is used to describe this phenomenon. Genetic experiments with homeotic genes in mice have demonstrated that Hox genes are in part responsible for the specification of segmental identity along the anterior-posterior axis, and it has been proposed that an axial Hox code determines the morphology of individual vertebrae (Kessel, M. and Gruss, P. (1990) Science 249, 347-379). This paper presents a comparative study of the developmental patterns of homeobox gene expression and developmental morphology between animals that have homologous regulatory genes but different morphologies. The axial expression boundaries of 23 Hox genes were examined in the paraxial mesoderm of chick, and 16 in mouse embryos by in situ hybridization and immunolocalization techniques. Hox gene anterior expression boundaries were found to be transposed in concert with morphological boundaries. This data contributes a mechanistic level to the assumed homology of these regions in vertebrates. The recognition of mechanistic homology supports the historical homology of basic patterning mechanisms between all organisms that share these genes.