Reclaiming wastewater with increasing salinity for potable water reuse: Water recovery and energy consumption during reverse osmosis desalination
Reclaiming wastewater with increasing salinity for potable water reuse: Water recovery and energy consumption during reverse osmosis desalination
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DOI：
10.1016/j.desal.2021.115316
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发表时间：
2021-12
期刊：
影响因子：
9.9
通讯作者：
Xin Wei;K. Sanders;Amy E. Childress
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Xin Wei;K. Sanders;Amy E. Childress
由于反渗透膜在许多饮用水再利用设施中是工业标准的，因此存在对高盐度流（例如，盐水和区域盐水拦截流），以增加传统的废水供应并减少盐水处理要求。这项研究评估了在先进的水净化设施从这些溪流中回收水所消耗的能源。在沿海污水再生设施的海水流入和渗透的情况下被认为是。结果发现，随着废水盐度的增加，增加海水流入和渗透，基本情况下的能源消耗增加，但混合高盐度流所造成的能源消耗的百分比增加减少。评估了多种节能策略，包括能量回收装置、闭路反渗透以及将高盐度水流与处理后的废水分开进行淡化。闭路反渗透比能量回收装置的能量节省更大，并增加两者作为进水盐度的增加。分别对高盐度水流进行脱盐所节省的能量随着两种水流之间的盐度差的增加而增加。在无机结垢潜力、产品水要求和可能限制回收率的排放许可证的背景下，还考虑了添加高盐度流。
With reverse osmosis membranes being industry-standard in many potable reuse facilities, an opportunity exists to desalinate higher-salinity streams (e.g., brine and regional brine interceptor streams) to augment traditional wastewater supplies and reduce brine disposal requirements. This study evaluates the energy consumed in recovering water from these streams at advanced water purification facilities. Scenarios without and with seawater inflow and infiltration at coastal wastewater reclamation facilities are considered. It was found that as wastewater salinity increases with increasing seawater inflow and infiltration, base case energy consumption increases, but the percent increase of energy consumption caused by mixing higher-salinity streams decreases. Multiple energy-saving strategies were evaluated, including energy recovery devices, closed-circuit reverse osmosis, and desalination of the higher-salinity streams separately from the treated wastewater. The energy savings was greater for closed-circuit reverse osmosis than for energy recovery devices and increased for both as influent salinity increases. The energy savings from desalinating higher-salinity streams separately increased as the salinity difference between the two streams increased. Addition of higher-salinity streams was also considered within the context of inorganic scaling potential, product water requirements, and discharge permits that may limit recoveries.