A study of compensation problem for uncertainty of quality in supply chain
A study of compensation problem for uncertainty of quality in supply chain
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发表时间：
2018
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通讯作者：
Y. Takemoto;I. Arizono
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作者：
Y. Takemoto;I. Arizono
需求的不确定性发生在供应链的下游，并蔓延到供应链的上游。相反，供应的不确定性发生在供应链的上游并扩散到下游。物品的质量作为不确定性的一个因素尤为重要。供应商采购中包含的不合格品项带来了供应的不确定性，即是否包含不合格品项，或者包含多少不合格品项。即使下游（即制造商或零售商）通过完美的检验阻止所有质量不合格的产品分发给客户和社会，由于质量不合格的产品的不确定性而造成的无形损失也是不可避免的。因此，本文考虑在供应商采购中包含的质量不完美项目在下游完美检索的情况下，质量不完美项目的不确定性的影响。特别是，不完美质量项目的不确定性的影响被评估为货币补偿的对象。因此，我们提出了维持供应链伙伴关系的货币补偿条件。通过一些数值例子，说明了对质量不完美项目的不确定性进行货币补偿的条件。
The uncertainty of demand occurs at a downstream side and spreads over an upstream side in a supply chain. To the contrary, the uncertainty of supply occurs at an upstream side and spreads over an downstream side in a supply chain. The quality of items is particularly important as a factor in the uncertainty. Imperfect quality items included in the procurement from a supplier brings the uncertainty of supply, that is, whether imperfect quality items are included or not, or how many imperfect quality items are included. An intangible loss due to the uncertainty of imperfect quality items is unavoidable even if the downstream side (taht is, a manufacrurer or retailer) prevented all imperfect quality items from being distributed to customers and society by perfect inspection. Therefore, in this paper, we consider the impact of the uncertainty of imperfect quality items in the situation that the imperfect quality items included in the procurement from the supplier are perfectly retrieved in the downstream side. In particular, the impact of the uncertainty of imperfect quality items is evaluated as an object of a monetary compensation. Hence, we propose a condition of the monetary compensation to maintain supply chain partnarship. Through some numerical examples, the condition of the monetary compensation for the uncertanty of imperfect quality items is illustrated.