Tracking Wetting Front Adavance With Upward-Looking Ground-Penetrating Radar
Tracking Wetting Front Adavance With Upward-Looking Ground-Penetrating Radar
复制标题
使用上视探地雷达跟踪润湿前沿的进展
DOI：
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
O. Eisen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Schmid;C. Mitterer;A. Heilig;J. Schweizer;O. Eisen
渗透融水结合雪地层被认为是湿雪雪崩形成的主要驱动力。然而，很难模拟或测量倾斜积雪中的水流。对于建模，结果在很大程度上取决于输入数据的类型和可用性以及物理过程的参数化;在传感器部署的情况下，将出现滑雪和雪崩的问题。此外，如果传感器被放置在积雪内，它们将影响水流。雷达技术允许非破坏性地扫描积雪，并从其信号响应中推断内部雪的特性。在冬季2011-2012年，我们记录了连续的数据与向上看的脉冲雷达系统（upGPR）工作在900 MHz的频率，这是放置在旁边的一个著名的湿雪雪崩path. We确定的散装体积液态水含量和跟踪的位置，第一个稳定的润湿锋。所有记录在案的湿雪雪崩都是全深度雪崩。用雷达记录的湿润推进与观测到的雪崩活动相对应。
Percolating melt water combined with snow stratigraphy are thought to be the dominating drivers for the formation of wet-snow avalanches. It is, however, difficult to model or measure water flow in a sloping snowpack. For modeling, results highly depend on the type and availability of input data and the parameterization of the physical processes; in the case of sensor deployment, problems with snow gliding and avalanches will arise. In addition, if sensors are placed within the snowpack they will influence the flow of water. Radar technology allows scanning the snowpack non-destructively and deducing internal snow properties from its signal response. During the winter seasons 2011-2012 we recorded continuous data with an upward-looking pulsed radar system (upGPR) operating at a frequency of 900 MHz which was placed next to a well-known wet-snow avalanche path. We determined the bulk volumetric liquid water content and tracked the position of the first stable wetting front. All recorded wet- snow avalanches failed as full-depth avalanches. Wetting advance recorded with the radar corresponded with observed avalanche activity.