The relationship between processing style, trauma memory processes, and the development of posttraumatic stress symptoms in children and adolescents
The relationship between processing style, trauma memory processes, and the development of posttraumatic stress symptoms in children and adolescents
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jbtep.2017.04.004
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发表时间：
2017-12-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Nixon, Reginald D. V.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McKinnon, Anna;Brewer, Neil;Nixon, Reginald D. V.
背景和目的：数据驱动加工、事件前后恐惧和创伤记忆特征被认为在创伤后应激障碍的发展中起核心作用。我们评估了这些特征与创伤后应激(PTS)症状之间的关系。方法：研究1(N=36，7-16岁)，涉及经历过应激性骨科手术的儿童样本。一周后，他们回答了一系列关于创伤的探索性回忆问题(通过与视频进行比较来评估准确性)，并报告了他们的PTS症状。他们还对他们被探究的回忆答案中的信心进行了评分，以评估他们对创伤记忆的元认知监控。在研究2中，受伤儿童(N=57，7-16岁)的样本在去急诊科就诊的1个月内进行评估，然后在3个月的随访中进行评估。他们回答了探索性的回忆问题，进行了信心评级，并完成了数据驱动处理、事件前后恐惧、PTS和相关精神病理学的测量。记忆被证实了。结果：研究1和研究2没有发现创伤后应激障碍症状与创伤记忆准确性或置信度之间的联系。在研究1和研究2中，数据驱动加工预测PTS症状。限制：这些研究的样本量适中，一些准确性和置信度项目存在天花板效应。结论：创伤时的数据驱动加工与创伤时的PTS症状相关，因为考虑了创伤时的恐惧。创伤记忆回忆的准确性与创伤后应激障碍症状无显著相关。创伤记忆信心与创伤后应激障碍症状之间的关系尚无定论。(C)2017爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
Background and objectives: Data-driven processing, peri-event fear, and trauma memory characteristics are hypothesised to play a core role in the development of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. We assessed the relationships between these characteristics and Posttraumatic Stress (PTS) symptoms in a sample of youth.Methods: Study 1 (N = 36, 7-16 years), involved a sample of children who had undergone a stressful orthopaedic procedure. One week later they answered a series of probed recall questions about the trauma (assessed for accuracy by comparison to a video) and reported on their PTS symptoms. They also rated confidence in their probed recall answers to assess meta-cognitive monitoring of their memory for the trauma. In Study 2, a sample of injured children (N = 57, 7-16 years) were assessed within 1-month of a visit to an Emergency Department, and then at 3-month follow-up. They answered probed recall questions, made confidence ratings, and completed measures of data-driven processing, peri-event fear, PTS and associated psychopathology. Memories were verified. using witness accounts.Results: Studies 1 and 2 did not find an association between PTS symptoms and trauma memory accuracy or confidence. In Studies 1 and 2 data-driven processing predicted PTS symptoms.Limitations: The studies had modest samples sizes and there were ceiling effects for some accuracy and confidence items.Conclusions: Data-driven processing at the time of a trauma was associated with PTS symptoms after accounting for fear at the time of the trauma. Accuracy of recall for trauma memories was not significantly related to PTS symptoms. No decisive conclusion could be drawn regarding the relation between confidence in trauma memories and PTS symptoms. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.