Microbial diversity in nonsulfur, sulfur and iron geothermal steam vents
Microbial diversity in nonsulfur, sulfur and iron geothermal steam vents
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1574-6941.2011.01047.x
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发表时间：
2011-04-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Kelley, Scott T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Benson, Courtney A.;Bizzoco, Richard W.;Kelley, Scott T.
Fumarole，通常被称为蒸汽喷口，是地热栖息地的普遍特征。最近的研究已经在浓缩的胆固醇蒸汽中发现了微生物，但是胆固醇沉积物已经证明难以进行DNA分离。在这项研究中，我们报告了新的DNA提取方法的发展，用于微生物存款群落分析。存款样品收集自夏威夷火山国家公园，黄石国家公园和拉森火山国家公园的蒸汽喷口和洞穴。样品进行了分析，X射线显微分析和分类为非硫，硫或铁为主的蒸汽存款。我们在获得高产量、高质量的DNA进行克隆方面遇到了相当大的困难：只有一半的样品最终产生了序列。古菌16S rRNA基因序列分析表明，硫蒸汽矿床主要由Sulfolobus和Acidianus，而非硫矿床主要含有未知的Crenarchaeota。这些新的Crenarchaeota谱系相关的化能自养氨氧化剂，表明氨氧化菌代表一个假定的栖息地氨氧化菌。我们还产生了古细菌和细菌富集培养物的大部分存款和孤立的成员Sulfolobales。我们的研究结果提供了第一个证据，在地热蒸汽矿床中的微生物，并表明，微生物港口多样性和新颖的微生物谱系。
Fumaroles, commonly called steam vents, are ubiquitous features of geothermal habitats. Recent studies have discovered microorganisms in condensed fumarole steam, but fumarole deposits have proven refractory to DNA isolation. In this study, we report the development of novel DNA isolation approaches for fumarole deposit microbial community analysis. Deposit samples were collected from steam vents and caves in Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, Yellowstone National Park and Lassen Volcanic National Park. Samples were analyzed by X-ray microanalysis and classified as nonsulfur, sulfur or iron-dominated steam deposits. We experienced considerable difficulty in obtaining high-yield, high-quality DNA for cloning: only half of all the samples ultimately yielded sequences. Analysis of archaeal 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that sulfur steam deposits were dominated by Sulfolobus and Acidianus, while nonsulfur deposits contained mainly unknown Crenarchaeota. Several of these novel Crenarchaeota lineages were related to chemoautotrophic ammonia oxidizers, indicating that fumaroles represent a putative habitat for ammonia-oxidizing Archaea. We also generated archaeal and bacterial enrichment cultures from the majority of the deposits and isolated members of the Sulfolobales. Our results provide the first evidence of Archaea in geothermal steam deposits and show that fumaroles harbor diverse and novel microbial lineages.