Institutional pluralism and water user behavior in rural Africa
Institutional pluralism and water user behavior in rural Africa
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DOI：
10.1016/j.worlddev.2020.105231
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发表时间：
2021-02-09
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Hope, Rob
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Koehler, Johanna;Thomson, Patrick;Hope, Rob
可持续发展的目标是为每个人提供安全可靠的饮用水服务，这一目标结合了道德要求和创业机会。我们调查了肯尼亚农村水基础设施维护专业服务提供商带来的制度变革中的用水者行为。我们问(1)哪些因素与家庭和水点用户群体签约保证快速维修的服务提供商有关；(2)由文化风险理论定义的不同管理文化之间的因素有何不同；以及(3)专业服务提供商能否应对风险因素？通过应用风险框架的文化理论，我们捕捉到了社区、公共、私人和失败的实地管理人员在处理运营、财务、体制和环境风险方面的制度多样性。为了识别与制度变化相关的因素--由肯尼亚农村孵化的专业维护服务提供商实现--我们利用来自日常手泵使用的传感器数据和社区对这种创业方法的反应，对主动管理手泵的1215个家庭的数据进行建模。农村用水用户承诺使用新服务提供商的行为变化的预测因素包括管理支付的组织因素、可负担性以及运营因素，如距离和水质，这些因素在不同的管理文化中的重要性有所不同。这种学习可以被用来降低风险，并为未来的政策和实践提供信息。随着非洲各地出现农村水基础设施的专业维护服务，这些服务承诺通过基于绩效的合同为农村用水用户、政府和投资者增加价值，政策制定者和实施者了解哪些因素预测了用水用户的机构行为变化，这一点很重要。这项研究建议跨系统寻求合作解决方案，在这些系统中，当前的政策有效地将社区与国家或市场分开。(C)2020作者。由Elsevier Ltd.出版。这是一篇由许可的CC下的开放获取文章。y
The Sustainable Development Goal of providing everyone with safe and reliable drinking water services combines a moral imperative with an entrepreneurial opportunity. We examine water user behavior in the face of institutional change brought about by a professional service provider maintaining rural water infrastructure in Kenya. We ask (1) which factors are associated with households and waterpoint user groups contracting a service provider that guarantees rapid repairs; (2) how do factors vary between different management cultures defined by cultural theory of risk; and (3) can the professional service provider address the risk factors?By applying the cultural theory of risk framework, we capture the institutional diversity of community, public, private and failed management on the ground in dealing with operational, financial, institutional and environmental risks. To identify the factors associated with institutional change towards a pluralist arrangement - enabled by the professional maintenance service provider incubated in rural Kenya - we model data from 1215 households at actively managed handpumps with sensor data from daily handpump usage and community responses to this entrepreneurial approach.The predictors of behavior change of rural water users to commit to the new service provider include organizational factors of managing payments, affordability, and operational factors such as distance and water quality, which vary in importance across the management cultures. This learning can be harnessed to reduce risk and inform future policy and practice.As professional maintenance services for rural water infrastructure are emerging across Africa, which promise to increase value for rural water users, government, and investors through performance-based contracts, it is important for policymakers and implementers to understand which factors predict shifts in institutional behavior by water users. This research recommends seeking cooperative solutions across systems, where current policy effectively separates communities from the state or markets. (C) 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license.y