Where the wild things are! Do urban green spaces with greater avian biodiversity promote more positive emotions in humans?
Where the wild things are! Do urban green spaces with greater avian biodiversity promote more positive emotions in humans?
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DOI：
10.1007/s11252-020-00929-z
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发表时间：
2020-01-22
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Richardson, Miles
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cameron, Ross W. F.;Brindley, Paul;Richardson, Miles
城市绿地可以帮助减轻城市生活的负面影响，并对公民的情绪、健康和福祉产生积极影响。然而，问题仍然在于，是否所有类型的绿色空间都同样有益，如果不是，什么景观形式或关键特征可以优化预期的效益。例如，有人指出，野生动物丰富（生物多样性高）的城市景观可以促进更积极的情绪并增强福祉。这项研究利用了一款手机应用程序，用于评估人们进入英国谢菲尔德市 945 个绿地中的任何一个时的情绪。情绪反应与各个绿色空间的关键特征相关，包括参与者感知到的周围的生物多样性水平。对于这些绿色空间的子样本，通过鸟类和栖息地调查评估了生物多样性的实际水平。结果表明，绿色空间内的鸟类生物多样性水平与人类对该空间的情绪反应之间存在很强的相关性。受访者表示，鸟类生物多样性较高（p < 0.01，r = 0.78）和栖息地多样性较高（p < 0.02，r = 0.72）的地区更快乐。当情绪与整体生物多样性的看法联系起来时，关系就会得到加强（p < 0.001，r = 0.89）。因此，当参与者认为该地点野生动物丰富时，他们会报告更积极的情绪，即使实际的鸟类生物多样性水平不一定得到提高。这些数据强化了这样的论点：自然通过积极的影响来增强福祉，增加“与自然的接触”可能有助于支持城市环境中的人类健康。研究结果对城市规划在城市绿地的设计、管理和使用方面具有重要意义。
Urban green space can help mitigate the negative impacts of urban living and provide positive effects on citizens' mood, health and well-being. Questions remain, however, as to whether all types of green space are equally beneficial, and if not, what landscape forms or key features optimise the desired benefits. For example, it has been cited that urban landscapes rich in wildlife (high biodiversity) may promote more positive emotions and enhance well-being. This research utilised a mobile phone App, employed to assess people's emotions when they entered any one of 945 green spaces within the city of Sheffield, UK. Emotional responses were correlated to key traits of the individual green spaces, including levels of biodiversity the participant perceived around them. For a subsample of these green spaces, actual levels of biodiversity were assessed through avian and habitat surveys. Results demonstrated strong correlations between levels of avian biodiversity within a green space and human emotional response to that space. Respondents reported being happier in sites with greater avian biodiversity (p < 0.01, r = 0.78) and a greater variety of habitats (p < 0.02, r = 0.72). Relationships were strengthened when emotions were linked to perceptions of overall biodiversity (p < 0.001, r = 0.89). So, when participants thought the site was wildlife rich, they reported more positive emotions, even when actual avian biodiversity levels were not necessarily enhanced. The data strengthens the arguments that nature enhances well-being through positive affect, and that increased 'engagement with nature' may help support human health within urban environments. The results have strong implications for city planning with respect to the design, management and use of city green spaces.