Comparative Genome Analysis of Scutellaria baicalensis and Scutellaria barbata Reveals the Evolution of Active Flavonoid Biosynthesis.
Comparative Genome Analysis of Scutellaria baicalensis and Scutellaria barbata Reveals the Evolution of Active Flavonoid Biosynthesis.
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黄芩和半枝莲的比较基因组分析揭示活性黄酮生物合成的进化
DOI：
10.1016/j.gpb.2020.06.002
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发表时间：
2020-06
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Song J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Xu Z;Gao R;Pu X;Xu R;Wang J;Zheng S;Zeng Y;Chen J;He C;Song J
黄芩（S. baicalensis）和半枝莲（S. barbata）是唇形科的常见药用植物。两者都会产生特定的黄酮类化合物，包括黄芩素、黄芩素、去甲汉黄素和汉黄芩素及其苷，具有抗氧化和抗肿瘤活性。在这里，我们报告了具有定量染色体变异的黄芩和半枝莲的染色体水平基因组组装（分别为 2n = 18 和 2n = 26）。黄芩和半枝莲的分化发生得比之前报道的要早得多，并且发现了全基因组重复（WGD）事件。物种形成后长末端重复元件的插入可能是观察到的染色体扩张和重排的原因。同属物种的比较基因组分析揭示了白杨素和芹菜素生物合成基因的物种特异性进化，例如编码苯丙氨酸解氨酶和查耳酮合酶的基因的黄芩特异性串联重复，以及编码4-CoA连接酶的基因的半枝莲特异性重复。此外，CYP82D亚家族成员的旁系重复、共线性和表达多样性揭示了黄芩和半枝莲之间编码黄酮羟化酶的基因的功能差异。分析这些黄芩属基因组揭示了黄酮生物合成基因的常见和物种特异性进化。因此，这些发现将促进分子育种以及生物活性化合物的生物合成和调控研究的发展。
Scutellaria baicalensis (S. baicalensis) and Scutellaria barbata (S. barbata) are common medicinal plants of the Lamiaceae family. Both produce specific flavonoid compounds, including baicalein, scutellarein, norwogonin, and wogonin, as well as their glycosides, which exhibit antioxidant and antitumor activities. Here, we report chromosome-level genome assemblies of S. baicalensis and S. barbata with quantitative chromosomal variation (2n = 18 and 2n = 26, respectively). The divergence of S. baicalensis and S. barbata occurred far earlier than previously reported, and a whole-genome duplication (WGD) event was identified. The insertion of long terminal repeat elements after speciation might be responsible for the observed chromosomal expansion and rearrangement. Comparative genome analysis of the congeneric species revealed the species-specific evolution of chrysin and apigenin biosynthetic genes, such as the S. baicalensis-specific tandem duplication of genes encoding phenylalanine ammonia lyase and chalcone synthase, and the S. barbata-specific duplication of genes encoding 4-CoA ligase. In addition, the paralogous duplication, colinearity, and expression diversity of CYP82D subfamily members revealed the functional divergence of genes encoding flavone hydroxylase between S. baicalensis and S. barbata. Analyzing these Scutellaria genomes reveals the common and species-specific evolution of flavone biosynthetic genes. Thus, these findings would facilitate the development of molecular breeding and studies of biosynthesis and regulation of bioactive compounds.
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影响因子：
3.3
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