Global patterns of terrestrial vertebrate diversity and conservation
Global patterns of terrestrial vertebrate diversity and conservation
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1302251110
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发表时间：
2013-07-09
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Joppa, Lucas N.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jenkins, Clinton N.;Pimm, Stuart L.;Joppa, Lucas N.
确定生物多样性的优先领域对于指导保护资源至关重要。从根本上说，我们必须知道个别物种生活在哪里，哪些物种是脆弱的，人类活动在哪里威胁它们，以及它们的保护水平。随着保护知识和威胁的变化，我们必须重新评估优先事项。我们使用超过21，000种哺乳动物、两栖动物和鸟类的最新数据绘制了脊椎动物的优先区域。对于每个分类群，我们确定了所有物种，小范围的物种，并与国际自然保护联盟列出的受威胁物种的丰富中心。重要的是，所有分析都是在10 x 10 km的空间粒度下进行的，比以前的评估精细100倍。这种精细的比例尺是方法上的一个重大改进，因为它使地图绘制的比例尺与区域决定在哪里建立保护区的比例尺相当。我们还绘制了最近发现的物种，因为它们表明了未知物种可能生活的地方。为了评估优先保护区的保护情况，我们使用世界保护区数据库的最新数据计算了保护区内优先保护区的百分比，提供了地球保护区系统包含脊椎动物生物多样性的快照。虽然优先保护区的保护程度高于全球平均水平，但鉴于这些地区对预防脊椎动物灭绝的重要性，保护水平仍然不够。我们还发现，我们确定的脊椎动物优先事项和全球保护优先事项的主要地图，生物多样性热点之间存在重大差异。我们的研究结果表明，有必要重新评估保护资源的全球分配，以反映今天的生物多样性和保护知识的提高。
Identifying priority areas for biodiversity is essential for directing conservation resources. Fundamentally, we must know where individual species live, which ones are vulnerable, where human actions threaten them, and their levels of protection. As conservation knowledge and threats change, we must reevaluate priorities. We mapped priority areas for vertebrates using newly updated data on > 21,000 species of mammals, amphibians, and birds. For each taxon, we identified centers of richness for all species, small-ranged species, and threatened species listed with the International Union for the Conservation of Nature. Importantly, all analyses were at a spatial grain of 10 x 10 km, 100 times finer than previous assessments. This fine scale is a significant methodological improvement, because it brings mapping to scales comparable with regional decisions on where to place protected areas. We also mapped recent species discoveries, because they suggest where as-yet-unknown species might be living. To assess the protection of the priority areas, we calculated the percentage of priority areas within protected areas using the latest data from the World Database of Protected Areas, providing a snapshot of how well the planet's protected area system encompasses vertebrate biodiversity. Although the priority areas do have more protection than the global average, the level of protection still is insufficient given the importance of these areas for preventing vertebrate extinctions. We also found substantial differences between our identified vertebrate priorities and the leading map of global conservation priorities, the biodiversity hotspots. Our findings suggest a need to reassess the global allocation of conservation resources to reflect today's improved knowledge of biodiversity and conservation.