A Spatial and Seasonal Pattern of Water Quality in the Sundarbans River Systems of Bangladesh
A Spatial and Seasonal Pattern of Water Quality in the Sundarbans River Systems of Bangladesh
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DOI：
10.2112/jcoastres-d-13-00115.1
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发表时间：
2015-03
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. Rahaman;M. S. Rahaman;A. Ghosh;Dhiman Gain;S. K. Biswas;L. Sarder;S. S. Islam-S.;A. B. Sayeed
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文献类型：
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作者：
S. Rahaman;M. S. Rahaman;A. Ghosh;Dhiman Gain;S. K. Biswas;L. Sarder;S. S. Islam-S.;A. B. Sayeed
Rahaman，S.M.B.; Rahaman，M.S.; Ghosh，A.K.; Gain，D.; Biswas，S.K.; Sarder，L.;伊斯兰教，S.S.，和赛义德，A.B.，2015.孟加拉国孙德尔本斯河流系统水质的空间和季节模式。2010年10月至2011年8月，在三个主要的河流系统（RS）的孙德尔本斯在后季风，干燥的冬季和季风季节进行了全面的实地测量，以评估污染状况。设置了15个实验点，在不同的潮汐条件下采集离散层的水样。现场测定盐度、温度、pH和溶解氧（DO），通过实验室分析测定化学需氧量（COD）、生物需氧量（BOD）、总氮（TN）、总磷（TP）、硝酸盐、磷酸盐和铵。记录的平均DO在3.93和7.37 mg/L之间，平均值为5.44 mg/L。最高的平均溶解氧注意到在Rupsha-Passur RS在后季风，而最低的是在Kholpetua-Arpangashia RS在季风。平均BOD范围在0.3和4.1毫克O2/L之间，平均值为2.04毫克O2/L，其中最大和最小浓度分别在季风和干燥的冬季在霍尔佩图阿-阿尔庞加希亚RS测量。平均COD值为20 - 240 mg O2/L，平均值为121.33 mg O2/L，超过了4-8 mg O2/L的允许范围。Rupsha-Passur RS在后季风期间平均COD最低，而Kholpetua-Arpangashia RS在冬季COD最高。测量的COD是在旱季高于雨季，因为降水，导致稀释的RS。研究表明，虽然溶解氧浓度在允许范围内，但存在有机污染。分析的水样显示硝酸盐、磷酸盐和铵值的范围分别为0.083 ± 0.03至0.627 ± 0.42 mg/L、0.011 ± 0.005至0.449 ± 0.26 mg/L和0.038 ± 0.018至0.176 ± 0.16 mg/L。在大多数情况下，TN和TP浓度不够高，因为藻类污染有可能导致富营养化。研究结果将有助于确定影响孙德尔本斯潮间带红树林生物多样性的因素。
ABSTRACT Rahaman, S.M.B.; Rahaman, M.S.; Ghosh, A.K.; Gain, D.; Biswas, S.K.; Sarder, L.; Islam, S.S., and Sayeed, A.B., 2015. A spatial and seasonal pattern of water quality in the Sundarbans river systems of Bangladesh. Comprehensive field measurements were made in three major river systems (RSs) of the Sundarbans during October 2010 to August 2011 under post-monsoon, dry winter, and monsoon seasons to assess the pollution status. Fifteen experimental sites were set for collection of water samples from discrete layers under different tidal conditions. Salinity, temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen (DO) were determined in situ and chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), nitrate, phosphate, and ammonium were measured through laboratory analysis. Mean DO was recorded between 3.93 and 7.37 mg/L with an average 5.44 mg/L. Highest average DO was noticed at Rupsha-Passur RS during post-monsoon, whereas the lowest was in Kholpetua-Arpangashia RS during monsoon. Mean BOD ranges between 0.3 and 4.1 mg O2/L, with an average of 2.04 mg O2/L, where maximum and minimum concentrations were measured at Kholpetua-Arpangashia RS in monsoon and dry winter respectively. Mean COD was found to vary from 20 to 240 mg O2/L, with an average 121.33 mg O2/L, exceeding the permissible range of 4–8 mg O2/L. Rupsha-Passur RS shows lowest average COD during post-monsoon, whereas Kholpetua-Arpangashia RS indicated highest COD in winter. Measured COD was higher in the dry season than in the wet season because of precipitation that causes dilution in the RSs. The study indicates the existence of organic pollution, though the DO concentration was within the permissible limit. Analyzed water samples showed nitrate, phosphate, and ammonium values in the range of 0.083 ± 0.03 to 0.627 ± 0.42 mg/L, 0.011 ± 0.005 to 0.449 ± 0.26 mg/L, and 0.038 ± 0.018 to 0.176 ± 0.16 mg/L respectively. TN and TP concentrations were not high enough in most cases, as there is a chance of eutrophication due to algal pollution. Study results will help identify factors responsible for affecting the biodiversity of the Sundarbans intertidal mangrove forest.