Neural differences between the processing of musical meaning conveyed by direction of pitch change and natural music in congenital amusia
Neural differences between the processing of musical meaning conveyed by direction of pitch change and natural music in congenital amusia
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2016.12.024
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发表时间：
2017-02
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Linshu Zhou;Fang Liu;Xiaoyi Jing;Cunmei Jiang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Linshu Zhou;Fang Liu;Xiaoyi Jing;Cunmei Jiang
音乐是人类独特的交流系统。标志性音乐意义是音乐意义的一个维度，它产生于类似于物体的声音、物体的品质或抽象概念的品质的音乐信息。本研究调查了先天性失乐症（一种音高感知障碍）是否会影响标志性音乐意义的处理。使用跨模态语义启动范式，目标图像由语义一致或不一致的音乐摘录启动，其特征是音高变化的方向（向上或向下）（实验1），或从自然音乐中选择（实验2）。 12 名说普通话的音乐人和 12 名对照者执行识别（隐式）和语义一致性判断（显式）任务，同时记录他们的脑电图波形。与控制不同的是，当音乐意义由音高变化的方向表示时，无论任务的性质如何（隐式还是显式），amusics 都无法引发 N400 效果。然而，在两种类型的任务中，两组人都观察到对自然音乐摘录中音乐意义的 N400 效应。这些结果表明，音乐人能够通过自然音乐摘录中的多个声学线索来处理标志性的音乐意义，但不能通过音高变化的方向来处理。这是第一项调查先天性失乐症中音乐意义处理的研究，为支持这种疾病中标志性音乐意义处理的“旋律轮廓耳聋假说”提供了证据。
Music is a unique communication system for human beings. Iconic musical meaning is one dimension of musical meaning, which emerges from musical information resembling sounds of objects, qualities of objects, or qualities of abstract concepts. The present study investigated whether congenital amusia, a disorder of musical pitch perception, impacts the processing of iconic musical meaning. With a cross-modal semantic priming paradigm, target images were primed by semantically congruent or incongruent musical excerpts, which were characterized by direction (upward or downward) of pitch change (Experiment 1), or were selected from natural music (Experiment 2). Twelve Mandarin-speaking amusics and 12 controls performed a recognition (implicit) and a semantic congruency judgment (explicit) task while their EEG waveforms were recorded. Unlike controls, amusics failed to elicit an N400 effect when musical meaning was represented by direction of pitch change, regardless of the nature of the tasks (implicit versus explicit). However, the N400 effect in response to musical meaning in natural musical excerpts was observed for both the groups in both types of tasks. These results indicate that amusics are able to process iconic musical meaning through multiple acoustic cues in natural musical excerpts, but not through the direction of pitch change. This is the first study to investigate the processing of musical meaning in congenital amusia, providing evidence in support of the “melodic contour deafness hypothesis” with regard to iconic musical meaning processing in this disorder.