Social scene perception in autism spectrum disorder: An eye-tracking and pupillometric study
Social scene perception in autism spectrum disorder: An eye-tracking and pupillometric study
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DOI：
10.1080/13803395.2019.1646214
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发表时间：
2019-07-31
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Johnels, Jakob Asberg
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Karlsson, Morgan Frost;Galazka, Martyna Alexandra;Johnels, Jakob Asberg
通常，发展中的人类天生就会对社会信息赋予主观价值，并将注意力引向它。这可以通过跟踪凝视模式和瞳孔大小来显示，瞳孔大小与个体的认知参与和情感唤醒有关。自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）患者表现出非典型的社交、交流和行为模式，但这些行为差异的潜在基础尚不清楚。此外，由于与其他神经发育障碍的高合并症，通常很难区分哪些差异是ASD特有的。在这项研究中，一组35名患有神经发育障碍的青少年和年轻人接受了测试，以调查符合自闭症诊断标准和不符合自闭症诊断标准的个体对社交和非社交场景的处理。当参与者观察有或没有人类的严格控制的自然场景图像时，他们收集了眼动追踪和瞳孔测量数据。与没有自闭症的人相反，自闭症患者的瞳孔对人的图像并没有表现出更大的反应。自闭症患者对社交场景中的社交元素的关注速度较慢，而这种潜伏期指标与社交功能低下的临床指标相关。结果证实了眼动追踪和瞳孔测量指标在ASD领域的临床意义。我们讨论了结果的临床意义，并提出分析视觉注意力和生理水平对社会刺激的变化可能是神经发育评估的一个组成部分。
Typically, developing humans innately place subjective value on social information and orient attention to it. This can be shown through tracking of gaze patterns and pupil size, the latter of which taps into an individual's cognitive engagement and affective arousal. People with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) present with atypical social, communicative and behavioral patterns, but underlying substrates of these behavioral differences remain unclear. Moreover, due to high comorbidity with other neurodevelopmental disorders, it is often difficult to distinguish which differences are distinctive to ASD. In this study, a group of 35 adolescents and young adults with neurodevelopmental disorders were tested to investigate the processing of social and non-social scenes in individuals who meet the diagnostic criteria for autism and those who do not. Eye tracking and pupillometry measures were collected while participants observed images of tightly controlled natural scenes with or without a human being. Contrary to individuals without autism diagnosis, participants with autism did not show greater pupillary response to images with a human. Participants with autism were slower to fixate on social elements in the social scenes, and this latency metric correlated with clinical measures of poor social functioning. The results confirm the clinical relevance of eye-tracking and pupillometric indices in the field of ASD. We discuss the clinical implications of the results and propose that analysis of changes in visual attention and physiological level to social stimuli might be an integral part of a neurodevelopmental assessment.