Assessment of the interaction of hyperbaric N2, CO2, and O2 on psychomotor performance in divers
Assessment of the interaction of hyperbaric N2, CO2, and O2 on psychomotor performance in divers
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DOI：
10.1152/japplphysiol.00534.2016
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发表时间：
2016-10-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Moon, R. E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Freiberger, J. J.;Derrick, B. J.;Moon, R. E.
潜水麻醉是由气体、活动和环境条件的复杂相互作用引起的。我们假设这些相互作用可以分为它们的组成部分。以前的研究已经测试了单一的认知任务顺序，我们不同的启发分压的二氧化碳，N-2，和O-2沉浸，行使科目，同时评估多任务的性能与多属性任务电池II（MATB-II）飞行模拟器。认知性能进行了测试，在20个条件下的气体分压和运动的42名男性受试者满足美国海军的年龄和健身配置文件。吸入氮（N-2）和氧（O-2）分压分别为0，4.5，和5.6 ATA和0.21，1.0，和1.22 ATA，分别在休息和100-W浸泡运动与0.075-ATA CO2。线性回归模型的气体分压与任务性能的关联，同时控制运动，高碳酸血症的反应，潜水训练，视频游戏的频率，和年龄。受试者作为自己的对照。记忆力、注意力和计划能力的受损与N-2分压>4.5 ATA相关，但与运动任务无关。海平面O-2在0.925 ATA部分挽救运动和记忆反应时间受损的0.075-ATA的CO2，然而，在高压之间的意外强大的相互作用CO2，N-2，和运动引起失能性麻醉与健忘症，这是由O-2增强。麻醉的感觉与实际分数不相关。与潜水麻醉相关的因素的相对贡献将有助于预测气体混合物和运动条件对潜水员认知性能的影响。O-2效应与O-2麻醉或增强的O-2毒性一致。
Diving narcosis results from the complex interaction of gases, activities, and environmental conditions. We hypothesized that these interactions could be separated into their component parts. Where previous studies have tested single cognitive tasks sequentially, we varied inspired partial pressures of CO2, N-2, and O-2 in immersed, exercising subjects while assessing multitasking performance with the Multi-Attribute Task Battery II (MATB-II) flight simulator. Cognitive performance was tested under 20 conditions of gas partial pressure and exercise in 42 male subjects meeting U.S. Navy age and fitness profiles. Inspired nitrogen (N-2) and oxygen (O-2) partial pressures were 0, 4.5, and 5.6 ATA and 0.21, 1.0, and 1.22 ATA, respectively, at rest and during 100-W immersed exercise with and without 0.075-ATA CO2. Linear regression modeled the association of gas partial pressure with task performance while controlling for exercise, hypercapnic ventilatory response, dive training, video game frequency, and age. Subjects served as their own controls. Impairment of memory, attention, and planning, but not motor tasks, was associated with N-2 partial pressures >4.5 ATA. Sea level O-2 at 0.925 ATA partially rescued motor and memory reaction time impaired by 0.075-ATA CO2; however, at hyperbaric pressures an unexpectedly strong interaction between CO2, N-2, and exercise caused incapacitating narcosis with amnesia, which was augmented by O-2. Perception of narcosis was not correlated with actual scores. The relative contributions of factors associated with diving narcosis will be useful to predict the effects of gas mixtures and exercise conditions on the cognitive performance of divers. The O-2 effects are consistent with O-2 narcosis or enhanced O-2 toxicity.