Phylogenetic perspective on microbial life in hydrothermal ecosystems, past and present.
Phylogenetic perspective on microbial life in hydrothermal ecosystems, past and present.
复制标题
过去和现在热液生态系统中微生物生命的系统发育视角。
DOI：
10.1002/9780470514986.ch2
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发表时间：
1996
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Pace,NR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Barns,SM;Delwiche,CF;Palmer,JD;Dawson,SC;Hershberger,KL;Pace,NR
了解过去和现在的热液生态系统，都需要关于现存生物类型的基本信息。传统的方法需要培养微生物，无法检测出许多分类群。我们使用从黄石国家公园温泉微生物中获得的小亚基rRNA序列的系统发育分析来探索目前存在的古生物(考古细菌)多样性。对这些序列的分析揭示了几个新的古生菌群，极大地扩展了我们对高温微生物多样性的概念，并表明热液系统蕴藏着丰富的生命种类。这些群体中的许多在进化早期就偏离了古老的血统，了解它们的共同性质可能有助于推断所有生命的最后一个共同祖先的性质。这些数据还显示了低温海洋古菌和一些温泉古菌之间的特定关系，这与生命的嗜热起源一致。未来基于rRNA序列的技术在热液系统勘探中的应用将极大地促进现代嗜热生物的研究，并使我们对灭绝群落的活动有更深入的了解。
Understanding hydrothermal ecosystems, both past and present, requires basic information on the types of organisms present. Traditional methods, which require cultivation of microorganisms, fail to detect many taxa. We have used phylogenetic analyses of small subunit rRNA sequences obtained from microorganisms of a hot spring in Yellowstone National Park to explore the archaeal (archaebacterial) diversity present. Analysis of these sequences reveals several novel groups of archaea, greatly expanding our conception of the diversity of high temperature microorganisms, and demonstrating that hydrothermal systems harbour a rich variety of life. Many of these groups diverged from the archaeal line of descent early during evolution, and an understanding of their common properties may assist in inference of the nature of the last common ancestor of all life. The data also show a specific relationship between low‐temperature marine archaea and some hot spring archaea, consistent with a thermophilic origin of life. Future use of rRNA‐sequence‐based techniques in exploration of hydrothermal systems should greatly facilitate study of modem thermophiles and give us insight into the activities of extinct communities as well.