The use of alanine as a solid dosimeter.
The use of alanine as a solid dosimeter.
复制标题
使用丙氨酸作为固体剂量计。
作者：
W. Bradshaw;D. Cadena;G. W. Crawford;H. Spetzler
电子自旋共振已被发现是一种令人满意的技术，用于校准和测量辐射剂量的α-丙氨酸剂量计。粉末α-丙氨酸剂量计已被校准，用于测量γ-、β-、质子和X射线在100 r至超过10/sup 5/ r范围内的剂量。在低剂量下，各种类型的辐射产生的自由基数量存在可测量的差异。α-丙氨酸对X射线的敏感性比目前研究的伽马射线、电子或质子要低。塑料支架适用于测量1000 r以上的剂量。在1000 r以下，使用玻璃支架可获得更好的结果。然而，由于没有残留信号，一般情况下首选精选石英。本实验室正在进行进一步的研究，采用石英支架设计，以获得最佳灵敏度。对于某些剂量计，建议使用聚四氟乙烯支架，因为材料本身也可以制成剂量计。发现来自α-丙氨酸的剂量计是稳定的，在90天后具有约5%的衰减。（auth）
Electron spin resonance has been found to be a satisfactory technique for the calibration and measurement of radiation doses by means of alpha - alanine dosimeters. Powdered alpha -alanine dosimeters have been calibrated for the measurement of doses from gamma -, BETA -, proton, and x radiation in the range of l00 r to beyond l0/sup 5/ r. At low doses there are measurable differences in the number of free radicals created by each of the various types of radiation. The alpha alanine is less sensitive to x rays than to the gamma - rays, electrons, or protons studied so far. Plastic holders are satisfactory for measuring doses above l000 r. Below 1000 r, better results are obtained with glass holders. However, selected quartz is to be preferred for general usage because of freedom from residual signals. Further studies in this laboratory are being conducted with quartz holders designed for optimum sensitivity. For some dosemeters, Teflon holders are recommended, since the ma terial itself can be made into a possible dosimeter also. Dosimeters from alpha -alanine were found to be stable, having about 5% decay after 90 days. (auth)