Detection of human teratogenic agents.
Detection of human teratogenic agents.
复制标题
人类致畸剂的检测。
DOI：
10.1016/s0022-3476(82)80338-7
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发表时间：
1982
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Shepard,TH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shepard,TH
人类致畸剂的定义标准与科赫的假设相似，包括（1）在发育的关键时期存在该物质，（2）该物质在实验动物中产生先天性缺陷，以及（3）该物质直接作用于胚胎或胎儿的证据。给出了如何通过特定综合征识别和实验动物信息的应用来识别致畸剂的示例。热疗是后者的一个例子，对此进行了一些详细的讨论。讨论了混淆流行病学研究的某些偏差因素。提出了一种检测和预防人类致畸性的系统。该系统基于三个数据库的集成：（1）暴露的亲子对，（2）制剂的化学和生物效应，以及（3）特定暴露综合症的识别。
Criteria for definition of a human teratogen are similar to Koch's postulates and include (1) presence of the agent during the critical period of development, (2) production of congenital defects by the agent in an experimental animal, and (3) evidence that the agent acts directly on the embryo or fetus. Examples of how teratogens have been identified through specific syndrome identification and by application of experimental animal information are given. Hyperthermia, an example of the latter, is discussed in some detail. Certain bias factors that confound epidemiologic studies are discussed. A system for detection and prevention of human teratogenicity is proposed. The system is based on the integration of three data bases: (1) the exposed parent-child pair, (2) the chemical and biologic effects of the agent, and (3) identification of specific exposure syndromes.