The influence of aphakia and vitrectomy on experimental retinal toxicity of aminoglycoside antibiotics.
The influence of aphakia and vitrectomy on experimental retinal toxicity of aminoglycoside antibiotics.
复制标题
无晶状体眼和玻璃体切除术对氨基糖苷类抗生素实验性视网膜毒性的影响。
DOI：
10.1016/s0002-9394(14)73377-x
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发表时间：
1985
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Shanks,ET
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Talamo,JH;D'Amico,DJ;Hanninen,LA;Kenyon,KR;Shanks,ET
为了研究晶状体和玻璃体手术对氨基糖苷类引起的视网膜毒性剂量阈值的影响，我们对荷兰带兔进行了囊外晶状体摘除术（第1组）或晶状体切除术和玻璃体切除术（第2组）。玻璃体内注射单剂量阿米卡星或庆大霉素，剂量范围为 100 至 4,000 μg。注射后7天通过光学和透射电子显微镜检查视网膜毒性。两组均在使用 400 μg 庆大霉素或 1,500 μg 阿米卡星后均表现出视网膜毒性，这些剂量与在完整的有晶状体眼兔眼中引起毒性的剂量相同。因此，两种手术均不会增加注射氨基糖苷类药物的毒性阈值。鉴于无晶状体眼中氨基糖苷类清除加速的情况，这些发现意味着氨基糖苷类毒性的机制可能与药物峰值浓度有关，而不是与组织暴露的持续时间有关。
To study the effect of lens and vitreous surgery on the dose threshold of aminoglycoside-induced retinal toxicity, we performed extracapsular lens extraction (Group 1) or lensectomy and vitrectomy (Group 2) on Dutch Belted rabbits. A single dose of amikacin or gentamicin ranging from 100 to 4,000 μg was administered intravitreally. Retinal toxicity was examined by light and transmission electron microscopy seven days after injection. Both groups showed retinal toxicity after 400 μg of gentamicin or 1,500 μg of amikacin, doses identical to those causing toxicity in intact, phakic rabbit eyes. Thus, neither surgical procedure increased the toxic threshold of injected aminoglycoside. Given the accelerated aminoglycoside clearance reported in aphakic eyes, these findings imply that the mechanism of aminoglycoside toxicity may be related to peak drug concentration rather than duration of tissue exposure.