Stress: Pregnancy Considerations
Stress: Pregnancy Considerations
复制标题
DOI：
10.1097/ogx.0b013e31827f2481
复制
发表时间：
2013-02-01
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
Cardwell, Michael S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cardwell, Michael S.
压力诱发的妊娠并发症是导致孕妇和围产期发病率和死亡率的重要原因，包括早产、低出生体重儿、妊娠高血压和受影响后代的神经心理发育迟缓。社会经济地位、工作状况、婚姻状况、教育水平、产前护理、药物滥用、种族、文化背景以及与伴侣和父母的关系质量等心理社会因素已被确定为怀孕期间压力的决定因素。健康与疾病的生物心理社会模型恰当地解释了这些心理社会因素在压力诱发的妊娠并发症发生中的相互作用。产前筛查和干预相关的生物心理社会危险因素可能有助于预防与压力相关的围产期并发症。目标受众：妇产科医生，家庭医生学习目标：在完成这项CME活动后，医生应该能够更好地描述压力是如何在生物学上表现出来的，从健康和疾病的生物心理社会模型讨论压力及其影响，认识到压力如何导致早产、先兆子痫和低出生体重婴儿等妊娠并发症，解释压力如何影响母亲经历围产期压力的儿童的神经心理发育，并展示产前筛查和适当的干预措施如何减少围产期压力和相关的妊娠并发症。
Stress-induced pregnancy complications represent a significant cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality due to preterm labor, low-birth-weight babies, pregnancy-induced hypertension, and neuropsychological developmental delays of affected offspring. Psychosocial factors such as socioeconomic status, work status, marital status, level of education, access to prenatal care, substance abuse, ethnicity, cultural background, and quality of relationships with partners and parents have been identified as determinants of stress during pregnancy. The biopsychosocial model of health and disease aptly explains the interactions of these psychosocial factors in the genesis of stress-induced pregnancy complications. Prenatal screening and intervention for relevant biopsychosocial risk factors may be useful in preventing stress-related perinatal complications.Target Audience: Obstetricians and gynecologists, family physiciansLearning Objectives: After completing this CME activity, physicians should be better able to describe how stress is manifested biologically, discuss stress and its impact from the biopsychosocial model of health and disease, recognize how stress may lead to pregnancy complications such as preterm labor, preeclampsia, and low-birth-weight infants, explain how stress may impact the neuropsychological development of children whose mothers experienced perinatal stress, and demonstrate how prenatal screening and appropriate interventions may reduce perinatal stress and associated pregnancy complications.