The impact of wildfire smoke on compositions of fine particulate matter by ecoregion in the Western US
The impact of wildfire smoke on compositions of fine particulate matter by ecoregion in the Western US
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DOI：
10.1038/s41370-018-0064-7
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发表时间：
2019-11-01
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Peng, Roger D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu, Jia Coco;Peng, Roger D.
野火PM2.5成分的流行病学研究受到野火高污染事件（“烟波”）期间人口暴露于环境PM2.5成分的有限信息的阻碍。与野火相关的PM2.5的化学组成可能受到不同生态系统的影响。目前评估生态系统野火烟雾PM2.5污染差异的文献通常分析从单个火灾中心附近的烟雾中收集的空气样本，但结果可能不代表远离火灾中心但受火灾烟雾影响的普通公众的暴露。我们通过整合2004-2009年美国西部51个县6个生态区29种PM2.5物种的监测测量结果和先前对烟波的研究结果，评估了基于人口的野火相关PM2.5物种暴露。我们发现，在所有的生态区，烟雾波与总PM2.5的有机碳的分数增加了20个百分点（95%置信区间（CI）：17，23），元素碳的分数增加了0.99个百分点（95% CI：0.43，1.6），硫酸盐和地壳物种的分数减少。虽然PM2.5混合物主要由同一个来源（野火），在北美沙漠和大平原烟波的成分是不同的。除了扩大对野火PM2.5的了解外，我们的研究还具有超越野火的意义，可以帮助未来对PM2.5混合物的流行病学研究。
Epidemiological studies of wildfire PM2.5 constituents are hindered by the limited information on the population exposure to ambient PM2.5 constituents during high-pollution episodes from wildfires ("smoke waves"). The chemical composition of wildfire-related PM2.5 can be affected by different ecosystems. Current literature assessing the differences in PM2.5 pollution from wildfire smoke by ecosystems often analyzes air samples collected from the smoke near the center of an individual fire, but the results might not represent the exposure of the general public living away from the fire center but affected by the smoke of the fire. We assessed the population-based exposure to wildfire-related PM2.5 species by integrating monitor measurements on 29 PM2.5 species and previous findings on smoke waves during 2004-2009 in 51 Western US counties across six ecoregions. We found that across all ecoregions, smoke waves were associated with an increase in the fraction of organic carbon of total PM2.5 by 20 percentage points (95% confidence interval (CI): 17, 23), an increase in the fraction of elemental carbon by 0.99 percentage points (95% CI: 0.43, 1.6), and decreases in fractions of sulfate and crustal species. While the PM2.5 mixtures were dominated by the same source (wildfires), compositions in North American Deserts and the Great Plains during smoke waves were distinct. Besides expanding the knowledge of wildfire PM2.5, our study has implications beyond wildfires and could aid future population-based epidemiological research on PM2.5 mixtures by source and region.