Peer influences on drug self-administration: an econometric analysis in socially housed rats.
Peer influences on drug self-administration: an econometric analysis in socially housed rats.
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DOI：
10.1097/fbp.0b013e32835f1719
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发表时间：
2013-04
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Smith MA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Peitz GW;Strickland JC;Pitts EG;Foley M;Tonidandel S;Smith MA
物质使用的社会学习理论认为，同伴群体的成员通过选择性地模仿、强化和惩罚与禁欲相关或与毒品相关的行为来影响其他成员的药物使用。本研究的目的是研究社会影响可卡因自我管理的孤立和社会圈养的大鼠，与警告，社会圈养的大鼠进行测试，同时与他们的合作伙伴在同一个房间。为此，在断奶时获得雄性大鼠，并在隔离或成对饲养条件下饲养6周。然后将大鼠植入静脉导管，并在定制的操作性条件反射室中检查可卡因自我给药，该室允许同时测试两只大鼠。对于一些群居的受试者，两只大鼠同时获得可卡因;对于其他人，只有一只大鼠获得可卡因。对数据进行了计量经济学分析，并通过检查消费量（即，需求量）和作为价格函数的需求弹性，这是通过改变剂量和比例要求对固定比例的钢筋时间表操纵。在所有组中，咖啡消费量随着价格的变化而下降。需求弹性在各组之间没有变化，但在社会圈养的大鼠与没有获得可卡因的大鼠配对中，消费量显着降低。这些数据表明，一个弃权的同龄人的存在降低了可卡因的强化强度，从而支持药物滥用预防和治疗方案的社会干预措施的发展。
Social-learning theories of substance use propose that members of peer groups influence the drug use of other members by selectively modeling, reinforcing, and punishing either abstinence-related or drug-related behaviors. The objective of the present study was to examine social influences on cocaine self-administration in isolated and socially housed rats, with the caveat that the socially housed rats were tested simultaneously with their partner in the same chamber. To this end, male rats were obtained at weaning and housed in isolated or pair-housed conditions for 6 weeks. Rats were then implanted with intravenous catheters and cocaine self-administration was examined in custom-built operant conditioning chambers that allowed two rats to be tested simultaneously. For some socially housed subjects, both rats had simultaneous access to cocaine; for others, only one rat of the pair had access to cocaine. An econometric analysis was applied to the data, and the reinforcing strength of cocaine was measured by examining consumption (i.e., quantity demanded) and elasticity of demand as a function of price, which was manipulated by varying the dose and ratio requirements on a fixed ratio schedule of reinforcement. Cocaine consumption decreased as a function of price in all groups. Elasticity of demand did not vary across groups, but consumption was significantly lower in socially housed rats paired with a rat without access to cocaine. These data suggest that the presence of an abstaining peer decreases the reinforcing strength of cocaine, thus supporting the development of social interventions in drug abuse prevention and treatment programs.