Visual word recognition in bilinguals: Eye-tracking evidence that L2 proficiency impacts access of L1 phonotactics.
Visual word recognition in bilinguals: Eye-tracking evidence that L2 proficiency impacts access of L1 phonotactics.
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DOI：
10.1017/s027226312100053x
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发表时间：
2022-07
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Marian, Viorica
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Freeman, Max R.;Marian, Viorica
双语者的语言系统是高度互动的。当听到第二语言（L2）时，双语者会访问跨语言共享声音的母语（L1）单词。在本研究中，我们考察了输入模态和二语水平是否调节双语者激活L1语音定向限制的程度（即，用于组合语音的规则）。当英语单语者和西班牙语-英语双语者在视觉显示中搜索目标英语单词时，他们的眼球运动被跟踪。在关键的试验中，显示器包括一个与西班牙语元音起始规则相冲突的目标（例如，SPA），以及含有潜在活化的“E”起始的竞争物（例如，蛋）。违反规则的处理无论是在视觉模态（实验1）或视听（实验2）。在这两个实验中，双语者与较低的L2熟练程度作出更多的眼球运动的竞争者比填料。研究结果表明，具有较低L2熟练度的双语者在L2视觉文字处理过程中，在有或没有听觉输入的约束冲突结构（例如，spa）。我们的结论是，双语者的两种语言之间的互动不仅限于共享跨语言的形式的话，但也延伸到子词汇，基于规则的结构。
A bilingual’s language system is highly interactive. When hearing a second language (L2), bilinguals access native-language (L1) words that share sounds across languages. In the present study, we examine whether input modality and L2 proficiency moderate the extent to which bilinguals activate L1 phonotactic constraints (i.e., rules for combining speech sounds) during L2 processing. Eye-movements of English monolinguals and Spanish-English bilinguals were tracked as they searched for a target English word in a visual display. On critical trials, displays included a target that conflicted with the Spanish vowel-onset rule (e.g., spa), as well as a competitor containing the potentially-activated ‘e’ onset (e.g., egg). The rule violation was processed either in the visual modality (Experiment 1) or audio-visually (Experiment 2). In both experiments, bilinguals with lower L2 proficiency made more eye movements to competitors than fillers. Findings suggest that bilinguals who have lower L2 proficiency access L1 phonotactic constraints during L2 visual word processing with and without auditory input of the constraint-conflicting structure (e.g., spa). We conclude that the interactivity between a bilingual’s two languages is not limited to words that share form across languages, but also extends to sub-lexical, rule-based structures.